Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer

Lansky, Ephraim Philip; Newman, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.006

Cited by 1,081 publications

(815 citation statements)

References 169 publications

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“…PSO (Punica granatum) consists of about 80 % conjugated octadecatrienoic fatty acids, with a high content of 9-cis, 11-trans, 13-cis acid or punicic acid (PA), one of the isomers of conjugated linolenic acid (CLN) (7) ; animal studies report controversial results for the hypolipidaemic role of PSO (8,9) .…”

Section: Pomegranate Seed Oil: Hyperlipidaemia: Randomised Clinical Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pomegranate seed oil on hyperlipidaemic subjects: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

et al. 2010

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In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that punicic acid, a type of conjugated fatty acid and the main constituent of pomegranate seed oil (PSO), has anti-atherogenic effects. The present study aimed at determining the effect of PSO treatment on serum lipid profiles. This double-blind placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial included fifty-one hyperlipidaemic subjects, diagnosed according to National Cholesterol Education Program definition, and randomly assigned to the PSO and the control groups. The PSO and placebo groups received 400 mg PSO and placebo twice daily, respectively and were followed up for 4 weeks. Serum concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins were measured before and 4 weeks after intervention. Mean concentration of TAG and the TAG:HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio were significantly decreased after 4 weeks in the PSO group as compared with baseline values (2·75 (SD 1·40) v. 3·45 (SD 1·56) mmol/l, P¼ 0·009 and 5·7 (SD 4·6) v. 7·5 (SD 5·0), P¼ 0·031, respectively). The treatment effect was statistically significant in the PSO group as compared with controls in diminution of cholesterol:HDL-C ratio (5·4 (SD 1·5) v. 5·9 (SD 1·4), P, 0·05) adjusted for baseline values. We found a mean difference for PSO v. placebo in HDL-C concentration (0·13 v. 20·02 mmol/l) and cholesterol:HDL-C ratio (20·42 v. 0·01, P,0·05). Serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and glucose concentrations and body composition variables remained unchanged. It is concluded that administration of PSO for 4 weeks in hyperlipidaemic subjects had favourable effects on lipid profiles including TAG and TAG:HDL-C ratio. Pomegranate seed oil: Hyperlipidaemia: Randomised clinical trialsNormalisation of dyslipidaemia, a modifiable risk factor, can prevent or reduce the risk of CVD, which is a leading cause of death worldwide (1,2) .In order to treat dyslipidaemia, different pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches have been used. Statins are the first-line therapy for management of increased LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), despite adverse effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms and muscle aches (3) . Although fibrates may decrease serum TAG and increase serum HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), more powerful drugs for normalisation of these lipids need to be investigated.Conjugated fatty acids are well-known hypolipidaemic agents (4,5) documented for their effect on lipid metabolism (6) . PSO (Punica granatum) consists of about 80 % conjugated octadecatrienoic fatty acids, with a high content of 9-cis, 11-trans, 13-cis acid or punicic acid (PA), one of the isomers of conjugated linolenic acid (CLN) (7) ; animal studies report controversial results for the hypolipidaemic role of PSO (8,9) .Although Arao et al. (8) showed that PSO supplementation in obese hyperlipidaemic Otsuka-Long-Evans-Tokushima fatty rats reduces TAG accumulation, Yang et al. (9) demonstrated that PSO does not alter serum cholesterol concentration.Considering the lack of data on the effect of PSO on lipid profiles in human subjects, the present study investigated the effect of PSO ...

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Section: Pomegranate Seed Oil: Hyperlipidaemia: Randomised Clinical Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pomegranate seed oil on hyperlipidaemic subjects: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

et al. 2010

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“…Several laboratory and clinical studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory, antiatherosclerotic, anti-cancer, and anti-viral activities of pomegranate juice [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66]. However, these studies still leave the question of whether these extraordinary health effects of pomegranate are the consequence of some unique properties of the pomegranate ingredients open to discussion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, increased attention has turned to complementary therapies, including natural dietary supplements. Among these natural agents, pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice has drawn a great deal of attention from both the scientific community and the general public due to its demonstrated ability to suppress cancers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. For example, pomegranate has been found to possess well-documented cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects against prostate cancer [10][11][12][13].…”

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confidence: 99%

Pomegranate (Punica granatum): a natural source for the development of therapeutic compositions of food supplements with anticancer activities based on electron acceptor molecular characteristics

Nicolson¹,

Veljković²,

Glišić³

et al. 2016

FFHD

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Citation: Veljkovic V.V., Glisic S., Perovic V., Veljkovic N., Nicolson G.L.. Pomegranate (Punica granatum): a natural source for the development of therapeutic compositions of food supplements with anticancer activities based on electron acceptor molecular characteristics. Health and Disease 2016; 6(12):769-787 ABSTRACT Background: Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, in addition to clinical data, demonstrate that pomegranate juice can prevent or slow-down the progression of some types of cancers. Despite the well-documented effect of pomegranate ingredients on neoplastic changes, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this phenomenon remains elusive. Functional Foods in Methods:For the study of pomegranate ingredients the electron-ion interaction potential (EIIP) and the average quasi valence number (AQVN) were used. These molecular descriptors can be used to describe the long-range intermolecular interactions in biological systems and can identify substances with strong electron-acceptor properties. In this study, candidate human proteins interacting with pomegranate flavonoids have been analyzed by the informational spectrum method (ISM). This represents a virtual spectroscopy method for studying protein molecular interactions.Results: Our analysis indicates that the anti-cancer properties of pomegranate juice can be ascribed to the strong electron-acceptor properties of its chemical ingredients. This analysis also suggests that pomegranate flavonoids inhibit the "NF-kappaB" (NF-κB) pathway, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Conclusion:The results offer a possible explanation for an important molecular mechanism underlying the anticancer activity of pomegranate ingredients, which could also serve as a basis for the development of new therapeutic compositions of food supplements with pomegranatelike anticancer properties.Key words: cancer, pomegranate, flavonoids, food supplement, informational spectrum method BACKGROUND With more than 10 million new cases world-wide reported each year, cancer is one of the most devastating human diseases [1]. Despite progress in the understanding and treatment of these diseases including significant improvements in diagnostics and therapy based on applications of modern technology, the incidence and cure rates of various cancers, even in highly developed countries, have not improved significantly [2]. For this reason, increased attention has turned to complementary therapies, including natural dietary supplements. Among these natural agents, pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice has drawn a great deal of attention from both the scientific community and the general public due to its demonstrated ability to suppress cancers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. For example, pomegranate has been found to possess well-documented cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects against prostate cancer [10][11][12][13]. The results of a Phase II clinical study of patients with rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels following surgery or radiation ...

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“…T h e s e t y p e s o f metabological effects of P. granatum resulted from its secondary metabolite ingredients, especially polyphenolic composide, which is found at the high level in the plant [13][14][15][16]. Pomegranate has edible and non-edible parts that include different amounts of phytophenolic substances which have been studied very commonly [8,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptotic effects of non-edible parts of Punica granatum on human multiple myeloma cells

et al. 2015

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Multiple myeloma is of great concern since existing therapies are unable to cure this clinical condition. Alternative therapeutic approaches are mandatory, and the use of plant extracts is considered interesting. Punica granatum and its derived products were suggested as potential anticancer agents due to the presence of bioactive compounds. Thus, polypenolic-rich extracts of the non-edible parts of P. granatum were investigated for their antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on U266 multiple myeloma cells. We demonstrated that there were dose-dependent decreases in the proliferation of U266 cells in response to P. granatum extracts. Also, exposure to the extracts triggered apoptosis with significant increases in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in U266 cells exposed to the leaves and stem extracts, while the flower extract resulted in slight increases in loss of MMP. These results were confirmed by Annexin-V analysis. These results documented the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of P. granatum extracts on human U266 multiple myeloma cells via disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing cell cycle arrest. The data suggest that the extracts can be envisaged in cancer chemoprevention and call for further exploration into the potential application of these plant parts.

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Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer

Cited by 1,081 publications

References 169 publications

Effect of pomegranate seed oil on hyperlipidaemic subjects: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Effect of pomegranate seed oil on hyperlipidaemic subjects: a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Pomegranate (Punica granatum): a natural source for the development of therapeutic compositions of food supplements with anticancer activities based on electron acceptor molecular characteristics

Apoptotic effects of non-edible parts of Punica granatum on human multiple myeloma cells

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