Pump-and-treat configurations with vertical and horizontal wells to remediate an aquifer contaminated by hexavalent chromium

Bortone, I.; Erto, Alessandro; Nardo, Armando Di; Santonastaso, Giovanni Francesco; Chianese, Simeone; Musmarra, Dino

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103725

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…One of the popular procedures to remediate contaminated groundwater is by dissolved chemicals, solvents, metals and fuel oil [ 40 ]. In this procedure, contaminated groundwater is piped to ground lagoons or directly to treatment units, which treat the groundwater using various methods such as activated carbon or air stripping.…”

Section: Groundwater Treatment Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the treated water is to be discharged either to the nearest sewer system or re-pumped to the subsurface [ 37 ]. This technique can treat large volumes of contaminated groundwater but has many disadvantages, such as the high cost, spreading of contaminants into the ecosystem, as well as its long operation time; in addition, it may cause a reversal to the hydraulic gradient [ 41 , 42 , 43 ] as cited in [ 40 ].…”

Section: Groundwater Treatment Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Review for Groundwater Contamination and Remediation: Occurrence, Migration and Adsorption Modelling

et al. 2021

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The provision of safe water for people is a human right; historically, a major number of people depend on groundwater as a source of water for their needs, such as agricultural, industrial or human activities. Water resources have recently been affected by organic and/or inorganic contaminants as a result of population growth and increased anthropogenic activity, soil leaching and pollution. Water resource remediation has become a serious environmental concern, since it has a direct impact on many aspects of people’s lives. For decades, the pump-and-treat method has been considered the predominant treatment process for the remediation of contaminated groundwater with organic and inorganic contaminants. On the other side, this technique missed sustainability and the new concept of using renewable energy. Permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) have been implemented as an alternative to conventional pump-and-treat systems for remediating polluted groundwater because of their effectiveness and ease of implementation. In this paper, a review of the importance of groundwater, contamination and biological, physical as well as chemical remediation techniques have been discussed. In this review, the principles of the permeable reactive barrier’s use as a remediation technique have been introduced along with commonly used reactive materials and the recent applications of the permeable reactive barrier in the remediation of different contaminants, such as heavy metals, chlorinated solvents and pesticides. This paper also discusses the characteristics of reactive media and contaminants’ uptake mechanisms. Finally, remediation isotherms, the breakthrough curves and kinetic sorption models are also being presented. It has been found that groundwater could be contaminated by different pollutants and must be remediated to fit human, agricultural and industrial needs. The PRB technique is an efficient treatment process that is an inexpensive alternative for the pump-and-treat procedure and represents a promising technique to treat groundwater pollution.

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Section: Groundwater Treatment Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Groundwater Treatment Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review for Groundwater Contamination and Remediation: Occurrence, Migration and Adsorption Modelling

et al. 2021

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“…The most frequent heavy metals detected in waste water are arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc, all of which pose health and environmental hazards 9 . Chromium pollution of the environment, specifically hexavalent chromium pollution, has been a major problem in recent years 10 . Cr(III) is oxidized to Cr(VI) in the presence of sufficient oxygen in the environment, which is incredibly poisonous and readily soluble in water 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of metal-reducing bacteria residing in industrial wastewater: a bacterial-based bioremediation approach

et al. 2022

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Background: Metals are required in minor amounts in the human body to perform vital functions, but beyond that level, they become toxic and cause many harmful effects. At present, polluted water is a large source of these heavy metals inside our body. Bioremediation is one of best treatments for the removal of these heavy metals from water. Objectives: The main objective of the current study was to isolate metal-reducing bacteria from soil and wastewater samples from different industries. Furthermore, the metal reducing potential of the bacteria was also evaluated under various environmental conditions (pH, temperature, incubation time, and UV exposure). Methodology: Different bacterial strains were isolated that were resistant to different concentrations of zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) from wastewater and soil samples from four different industries (Riaz textile mills, Sitara chemical industry, Mandiali paper mills and Siddique leather works). Morphological characterization was carried out with the help of Gram staining, spore staining and motility tests. Biochemical tests were performed, such as catalase, oxidase, and H 2 S production tests, starch hydrolysis tests and Simon citrate tests. Chromium reduction after UV exposure was calculated to check mutation effects on chromium reduction. Results: A total of 14 bacterial strains were isolated from the soil and wastewater samples. Six strains were Zn resistant, while eight strains were chromium resistant. A total of five strains were isolated from wastewater out of fourteen strains, while the remaining nine strains were isolated from soil samples of these industries. The bacterial strains were rod-shaped cocci and coccobacillus. The growth of bacterial strains under different environmental conditions, such as temperature, pH and incubation time, was observed, and the best growth was found at 37 • C, pH 7.0 and after 48 hrs. Maximum reduction at different concentrations was observed at pH 7.0 and 37 • C and after 48 hrs. Conclusion: In conclusion, the bacterial strains isolated from industrial wastes and soils showed significant resistivity against various concentrations of Zn and Cr and reduced it efficiently under different conditions (pH, incubation time, temperature and UV light). The use of microorganisms for bioremediation is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to reduce heavy metals present in our water and soil.

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“…PRB is generally composed of inexpensive filler materials, doped with specific reagents for remediation of unwanted compounds. It was reported that zero valent iron (ZVI) is particularly effective in chemical degradation of persistent chlorinated compounds into non-toxic and harmless by-products [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plaster of Paris containing zero valent iron particles: Designing a permeable reactive barrier, used for remediation of 4-nitroaniline pollution

BOUDIA

Fernane

SHARROCK

et al. 2021

J Sustain Construct Mater Technol

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Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) containing zero valent iron (ZVI), plaster and additives to make a porous composite structure, was tested to remove an organic nitro compound as model pollutant. An aqueous solution of 4-nitroaniline (PNA) was passed through a porous plaster column and chemical degradation quantified by UV-Vis spectroscopy. PNA was reduced to p-phenylenediamine and the rate of the reduction was strongly related to ZVI amount, pollutant volume, and the contact rate with the metal particles. The PBR could be controlled by design and operation. Test columns were made to evaluate the materials for making precast plaster blocks containing ZVI. The results showed that such porous plaster blocks could be efficient as retaining funneling walls for environmental applications. Thus economical Calcium sulphate solids can be used for making remediation columns for depolution with reactive products such as iron metal with capacity for treating unwanted toxic nitrates, or chlorinatedsolvents present in waterways. A reactive permeable barrier containing zero valent iron will last as long as some iron particles remain to react.

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Pump-and-treat configurations with vertical and horizontal wells to remediate an aquifer contaminated by hexavalent chromium

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

A Comprehensive Review for Groundwater Contamination and Remediation: Occurrence, Migration and Adsorption Modelling

A Comprehensive Review for Groundwater Contamination and Remediation: Occurrence, Migration and Adsorption Modelling

Assessment of metal-reducing bacteria residing in industrial wastewater: a bacterial-based bioremediation approach

Plaster of Paris containing zero valent iron particles: Designing a permeable reactive barrier, used for remediation of 4-nitroaniline pollution

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