Pulsed excitation dynamics in quantum-dot–cavity systems: Limits to optimizing the fidelity of on-demand single-photon sources

Gustin, Chris; Hughes, Stephen

doi:10.1103/physrevb.98.045309

Cited by 43 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…A thorough analysis of how to simultaneously optimize resonantly pulsed single photon sources is given in ref. []; however, the main points are that short pulses should be used to minimize two‐photon emission via re‐excitation, and a high Purcell factor should be used to maximize collection efficiency through the cavity. The criteria for suppression of two‐photon emission is usually

τ_{p} ≪ \frac{1}{F_{P} γ}

, although this criterion can be relaxed to

τ_{p} ≪ \frac{1}{κ}

due to the dynamical decoupling between the cavity and exciton that occurs during a short pulse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, calculation of this operator is non‐trivial, but here we can make an additional Markov approximation with respect to the time‐dependent element of the system Hamiltonian, valid for

τ_{p} ω_{b} ≫ 1

as shown in ref. []; for these parameters,

τ_{p} ≳ 2 ps

. Pulse widths larger than this value additionally suppress two‐photon excitation of higher energy exciton states for common QD parameters (biexciton binding energy).…”

Section: Quantum Dot–cavity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although only strictly accurate in a long‐time limit and with weak cavity coupling (

g ≪ κ

), this metric is given by

F_{P} = \frac{4 g^{2}}{κ γ}

(on resonance), which is slightly reduced by phonon coupling . High Purcell factors can, even for a short pulse, simultaneously increase SPS efficiency and indistinguishability by increasing the proportion of photons emitted into the desired cavity mode, while filtering out phonon sidebands that degrade the coherence of emitted photons …”

Section: Quantum Dot–cavity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Efficient Pulse‐Excitation Techniques for Single Photon Sources from Quantum Dots in Optical Cavities

Gustin

Hughes

2019

Adv Quantum Tech

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Rigorous and intuitive master equation models are presented to study on‐demand single photon sources from pulse‐excited quantum dots coupled to optical cavities. Three methods of source excitation are considered: resonant pi‐pulse, off‐resonant phonon‐assisted inversion, and two‐photon excitation of a biexciton–exciton cascade, and the effect of the pulse excitation process on the quantum indistinguishability, efficiency, and purity of emitted photons is investigated. By explicitly modelling the time‐dependent pulsed excitation process in a manner which captures non‐Markovian effects associated with coupling to photon and phonon reservoirs, it is found that photons of near‐unity indistinguishability can be emitted with over 90% efficiency for all these schemes, with the off‐resonant schemes not necessarily requiring polarization filtering due to the frequency separation of the excitation pulse, and allowing for very high single photon purities. Furthermore, the off‐resonant methods are shown to be robust over certain parameter regimes, with less stringent requirements on the excitation pulse duration in particular. Also, a semi‐analytical simplification of the master equation is derived for the off‐resonant drive, which gives insight into the important role that exciton–phonon decoupling for a strong drive plays in the off‐resonant phonon‐assisted inversion process.

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τ_{p} ≪ \frac{1}{F_{P} γ}

, although this criterion can be relaxed to

τ_{p} ≪ \frac{1}{κ}

due to the dynamical decoupling between the cavity and exciton that occurs during a short pulse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

τ_{p} ω_{b} ≫ 1

as shown in ref. []; for these parameters,

τ_{p} ≳ 2 ps

. Pulse widths larger than this value additionally suppress two‐photon excitation of higher energy exciton states for common QD parameters (biexciton binding energy).…”

Section: Quantum Dot–cavity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although only strictly accurate in a long‐time limit and with weak cavity coupling (

g ≪ κ

), this metric is given by

F_{P} = \frac{4 g^{2}}{κ γ}

Section: Quantum Dot–cavity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Efficient Pulse‐Excitation Techniques for Single Photon Sources from Quantum Dots in Optical Cavities

Gustin

Hughes

2019

Adv Quantum Tech

Self Cite

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“…where we used the approximated version of S rad from Eq. (24). Subsequently, the electric field operator outside of the structure becomeŝ…”

Section: B Quantized Quasinormal Mode Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory and Limits of On-Demand Single-Photon Sources Using Plasmonic Resonators: A Quantized Quasinormal Mode Approach

et al. 2019

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Quantum emitters coupled to plasmonic resonators are known to allow enhanced broadband Purcell factors, and such systems have been recently suggested as possible candidates for on-demand single photon sources, with fast operation speeds. However, a true single photon source has strict requirements of high efficiency (brightness) and quantum indistinguishability of the emitted photons, which can be quantified through two-photon interference experiments. To help address this problem, we employ and extend a recently developed quantized quasinormal mode approach, which rigorously quantizes arbitrarily lossy open system modes, to compute the key parameters that accurately quantify the figures of merit for plasmon-based single photon sources. We also present a quantized input-output theory to quantify the radiative and nonradiative quantum efficiencies. We exemplify the theory using a nanoplasmonic dimer resonator made up of two gold nanorods, which yields large Purcell factors and good radiative output beta factors. Considering an optically pulsed excitation scheme, we explore the key roles of pulse duration and pure dephasing on the single photon properties, and show that ultrashort pulses (sub-ps) are generally required for such structures, even for low temperature operation. We also quantify the role of the nonradiative beta factor both for single photon and two-photon emission processes. Our general approach can be applied to a wide variety of plasmon systems, including metal-dielectrics, and cavity-waveguide systems, without recourse to phenomenological quantization schemes.

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“…In the Schrödinger picture, nonlinear time-non-local terms can be avoided. Therefore, researchers have developed many successful methods, like the quantum state diffusion method [42][43][44][45][46], polaron transform methods [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55], the hierarchy equation methods [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63], path integral methods [64], and the stochastic Liouville equation methods [65][66][67][68][69][70][71]76]. These methods are suitable for different situations, but with various limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessing the bath information in open quantum systems with the stochastic c -number Langevin equation method

et al. 2019

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In traditional open quantum systems, the baths are usually traced out so that only the system information is left in the equations of motion. However, recent studies reveal that using only the system degrees of freedom can be insufficient. In this work, we develop a stochastic c-number Langevin equation method which can conveniently access the bath information. In our method, the studied quantities are the expectation values of operators which can contain both system operators and bath operators. The dynamics of the operators of interest is formally divided into separate system and bath parts, with auxiliary stochastic fields. After solving the independent stochastic dynamics of the system part and the bath part, we can recombine them by taking the average over these stochastic fields to obtain the desired quantities. Several applications of the theory are highlighted, including the pure dephasing model, the spin-boson model, and an optically excited quantum dot coupled to a bath of phonons.

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Pulsed excitation dynamics in quantum-dot–cavity systems: Limits to optimizing the fidelity of on-demand single-photon sources

Cited by 43 publications

References 59 publications

Efficient Pulse‐Excitation Techniques for Single Photon Sources from Quantum Dots in Optical Cavities

Efficient Pulse‐Excitation Techniques for Single Photon Sources from Quantum Dots in Optical Cavities

Theory and Limits of On-Demand Single-Photon Sources Using Plasmonic Resonators: A Quantized Quasinormal Mode Approach

Accessing the bath information in open quantum systems with the stochastic c -number Langevin equation method

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