Efficient Pulse‐Excitation Techniques for Single Photon Sources from Quantum Dots in Optical Cavities

Gustin, Chris; Hughes, Stephen

doi:10.1002/qute.201900073

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Many important properties of quantum dots and their interaction with a photonic environment remain to be answered. Recent studies investigate the dynamics and limitations of the optical excitation process [10] and demonstrate how the phonon sideband can be used to increase the pumping efficiency without sacrificing the photon indistinguishability [11]. Other recent investigations focus on the properties of light scattered from a solid-state quantum emitter [81,82].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Hanbury Brown and Twiss second-order correlation function, g (2) (τ), quantifies the probability of simultaneously detecting two photons when evaluated at τ = 0 [8]. Multiphoton components in the emitted light leads to a non-zero value of g (2) (0), which can stem from the excitation process [9][10][11]. Similarly, the efficiency of the source is the probability of sending a single photon into the detection channel when the source is triggered [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Phonon effects in quantum dot single-photon sources

Denning¹,

Iles-Smith²,

Gregersen³

et al. 2019

Opt. Mater. Express

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Semiconductor quantum dots are inevitably coupled to the vibrational modes of their host lattice. This interaction reduces the efficiency and the indistinguishability of singlephotons emitted from semiconductor quantum dots. While the adverse effects of phonons can be significantly reduced by embedding the quantum dot in a photonic cavity, phonon-induced signatures in the emitted photons cannot be completely suppressed and constitute a fundamental limit to the ultimate performance of single-photon sources based on quantum dots. In this paper, we present a self-consistent theoretical description of phonon effects in such sources and describe their influence on the figures of merit. IntroductionSources of single indistinguishable photons are key components in optical quantum information processing [1], and deterministic single-photon sources based on self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have developed significantly over the past few years. QDs can be grown with excellent optical properties, and advances in fabrication of photonic nanostructures have led to demonstrations of bright and coherent single-photon sources [2][3][4][5]. However, the inevitable coupling of the QD to the vibrational phonon modes of the host lattice constitutes a significant challenge [6], which will only be increasingly important as the performance of the sources is pushed from the current state-of-the-art towards the high level necessary for realising large-scale optical quantum computation.There are several figures of merit that characterise the performance of a single photon source. Naturally, the photon number statistics of the emitted light is important. The Hanbury Brown and Twiss second-order correlation function, g (2) (τ), quantifies the probability of simultaneously detecting two photons when evaluated at τ = 0 [8]. Multiphoton components in the emitted light leads to a non-zero value of g (2) (0), which can stem from the excitation process [9][10][11]. Similarly, the efficiency of the source is the probability of sending a single photon into the detection channel when the source is triggered [7]. Another important feature, which characterises the coherence properties of the source, is the indistinguishability of the emitted photons, which is a measure of the degree to which two photons can interfere. The indistinguishability is measured by sending the two photons into the two input ports of a beamsplitter. If the two photons are completely indistinguishable, the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect results in the photons leaving the beamsplitter in the same output port [12]. This effect is a fundamental necessity for linear quantum computing schemes, forming the basis for two-photon gates [13]. Alternatively, the quantum dot can be operated by exciting a biexciton, thereby emitting a polarisation-entangled photon pair [4,14,15]. In this scenario, the entanglement fidelity of the emitted photon pair constitutes an additional figure of merit of the source. Suppressing phonon-assisted photon emission in these pair-sources requires indivi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonon effects in quantum dot single-photon sources

Denning¹,

Iles-Smith²,

Gregersen³

et al. 2019

Opt. Mater. Express

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“…Therefore, excitation techniques that allow for near-perfect filtering of the excitation pulse without sacrificing collection efficiency are highly desired. This can be accomplished by using two-photon excitation [126,192], phonon-assisted off-resonant excitation at low temperature [x][84, 192-194], or cavities with highly non-degenerate orthogonally-polarized modes [195].…”

Section: Temporal Coherence and Photon Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling Markovian light-matter interactions for quantum optical devices in the solid state

Wein

2021

Preprint

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The desire to understand the interaction between light and matter has stimulated centuries of research, leading to technological achievements that have shaped our world. One contemporary frontier of research into light-matter interaction considers regimes where quantum effects dominate.By understanding and manipulating these quantum effects, a vast array of new quantum-enhanced technologies become accessible. In this thesis, I explore and analyze fundamental components and processes for quantum optical devices with a focus on solid-state quantum systems. This includes indistinguishable single-photon sources, deterministic sources of entangled photonic states, photonheralded entanglement generation between remote quantum systems, and deterministic opticallymediated entangling gates between local quantum systems. For this analysis, I make heavy use of an analytic quantum trajectories approach applied to a general Markovian master equation of an optically-active quantum system, which I introduce as a photon-number decomposition. This approach allows for many realistic system imperfections, such as emitter pure dephasing, spin decoherence, and measurement imperfections, to be taken into account in a straightforward and comprehensive way.Throughout this thesis, I will be using the above roman numeral references whenever citing works where I am a co-author. However, not all of these papers are relevant to the present topic.The papers [iii] and [ix] are the only two that are entirely included in this thesis, and the author contributions for these works are summarized below. Please also see appendix C for copyright permissions.Author contributions for [iii]-SW and CS conceived the idea. SW and RG developed the methods. SW performed the analysis and wrote the manuscript with guidance from NL and RG.NL and CS provided critical feedback. All authors contributed to editing the manuscript.Author contributions for [ix]-SCW and CS conceived the idea. SCW developed the methods.SCW performed the analysis and wrote the manuscript with help from JWJ, YFW, and FKA. RG and CS provided critical feedback. All authors contributed to editing the manuscript.A portion of supplementary theory material from [xiii] and [xiv] are also described in this thesis under fair dealing, as I was the primary author of that material within those experimental papers. Moreover, I will include unpublished research related to my contributions to [vii] and [viii].

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“…www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advquantumtech.com -A theoretical investigation of the exciton-phonon and excitoncavity interactions for a driven QD using different excitation schemes is presented. [10] Therein, the role of exciton-phonon decoupling due to strong pulse interactions is also investigated. -The first implementation of a phase estimation algorithm on a qudit-based photonic platform by encoding two qutrits in a single photon is reported, [11] utilizing the high dimensionality in time and frequency degrees of freedom.…”

Section: Mohamed Benyoucef Anthony Bennett Stephan Götzinger and Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of incorporating these colour centres into nanophotonic structures for efficient coupling between matter and photonic qubits is discussed. ‐Controlling the light delay in hybrid solid‐state atom system with deterministically fabricated QD single‐photon source was explored . The results highlight the potential of light–matter interaction in a dilute cesium vapor to control the propagation of single photons. ‐A theoretical investigation of the exciton–phonon and exciton–cavity interactions for a driven QD using different excitation schemes is presented . Therein, the role of exciton–phonon decoupling due to strong pulse interactions is also investigated. ‐The first implementation of a phase estimation algorithm on a qudit‐based photonic platform by encoding two qutrits in a single photon is reported, utilizing the high dimensionality in time and frequency degrees of freedom. ‐A method to fabricate suspended converters to expand the optical spot size of a single‐mode GaAs waveguide is developed, where a highly efficient optical spot‐size converter for end‐face coupling of single photons is reported. ‐A novel approach for the non‐invasive and instantaneous control of few‐level systems through the application of an external pump field to tune the phase between incoming and emitted signal was proposed and investigated …”

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confidence: 99%