Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulation affects osteoclast formation by modulation of osteoprotegerin, RANK ligand and macrophage colony-stimulating factor

Abstract

Electromagnetic stimulation has been documented to treat recalcitrant problems of musculoskeletal system. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, we investigated effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) with parameters modified from clinical bone growth stimulator on osteoclast formation, bone resorption, and cytokines associated with osteoclastogenesis. Marrow cells were harvested from both femora and tibiae of 6 week-old mice and cultured in 8-well chamber slides or 16-well calcium phosphate apatite-coated multitest slides. After 1-day incubation, marrow cells were exposed to PEMF at different electric field intensities for 2h/day and continued for 9 days. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of NFkappaB-ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) concentrations of each group were determined after PEMF stimulation. Osteoclast identity was confirmed by both tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain and bone resorption assay. A statistically significant increase and decrease of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption areas were found when exposed to PEMF with different intensities. Besides, consistent correlations among OPG, RANKL, M-CSF, osteoclast numbers, and bone resorption after exposure to different intensities of PEMF were observed. These data demonstrated that PEMF with different intensities could regulate osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption, OPG, RANKL, and M-CSF concentrations in marrow culture system.

Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field on the proliferation and differentiation potential of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

“…PEMF stimulation affects not only proliferation of osteoblasts, but also apoptosis of osteoclasts [Luben, 1991;McLeod et al, 1993;Chang et al, 2004aChang et al, , 2006. In addition, different characteristics of PEMF signals can reduce or enhance osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow cells [Chang et al, 2004a[Chang et al, , 2005. .The celldensitiesinthe PEMF-exposedgroupswere significantly higher than those in the control group, especially during the exponential phase of cell culture experiments for both seeding densities tested.…”

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on histomorphometry and osteocalcin in disuse osteoporosis rats

“…It directly results in lower bone mineral content due to body long-term braking, disuse, restricted movement of the body, or its inability to bear load. It often occurs in long-term bedridden or disabled patients and in astronauts in weightlessness [9][10][11][12]. To address DOP, the major treatment strategies focus on improving osteoblast activity and reducing bone resorption.…”

Harnessing the Electric Spark of Life to Cure Skin Wounds

“…To see this illustration in color, the reader is referred to the web version of this article at www.liebertpub.com/wound ates wound healing. 31 Vascular endothelial cell migration also determines the rate and pattern of new vessel out-growth, and this drives angiogenesis during wound repair. Endothelial cells respond to EFs by projecting broad, actin-filled lamellipodia.…”