Pulse Transit Time as an Indicator of Arterial Blood Pressure

Geddes, L. A.; Voelz, M. H.; Babbs, Charles F.; Bourland, J. D.; Tacker, W. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1981.tb01545.x

Cited by 260 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Many studies have investigated pulse-wave velocity in situ using natural cardiac pressure pulses; a review of these was presented by GEDDES et al (1981). However, small errors are inherently introduced, which are related to the presence of bulk blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown by GEDDES et al (1981) that, for physiological pressures in the dog aorta, PWV is linearly related to pressure; therefore a specific relationship must exist between the pressure and volume of an arterial segment. Squaring eqn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blood pressure can be monitored continuously with extravascular pulse pickups and time-domain techniques for determining pulse-wave velocity (GEDDES et al, 1981). Accordingly, the objectives of this study were threefold: (a) to establish in situ, under controlled conditions, an accurate functional description of the relationship between pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and pressure; (b) to evaluate the PWV predictions of the Moens-Korteweg equation, given measured pressure/volume relationships; and (c) to evaluate the inverse solution of the Moens-Korteweg equation, given a measured functional relationship between PWV and pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between pulse-wave velocity and arterial elasticity

Callaghan

Geddes

Babbs

et al. 1986

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured in situ in 11 isolated canine common carotid arteries. Seven arteries exhibited a linear PWV vs. pressure function at pressures ranging from 0 to 200 mmHg. Four arteries yielded a linear relationship between PWV and pressure between 1 and 100 mmHg; for these vessels the relationship was nonlinear at higher pressures. Seven arteries (five from the group which was linear up to 200 mmHg and two from the group which was linear up to 100 mmHg) were excised and pressure/volume measurements were made in vivo. Using pressure/volume data, the Moens-Korteweg equation was evaluated as a predictor of the PWV vs. pressure relationship over the linear region. An expression was developed to enable prediction of the pressure/volume relationship using the coefficients at the linear PWV vs. pressure function, and these predictions were evaluated. We found that, for this range, the Moens-Korteweg equation provides a very good basis for predicting the increase in PWV with increasing bias pressure. In addition, we found that the pressure/volume relationship of common carotid arteries is well represented by an exponential of the form V/V 0 = Ke αf(P) , which was derived as the inverse solution to the Moens-Korteweg equation.*

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between pulse-wave velocity and arterial elasticity

Callaghan

Geddes

Babbs

et al. 1986

Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.

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“…Thus, increases in arterial rigidity will result in a greater workload on the left ventricle and indicate a less efficient performance at the periphery. In addition, PTT has been found to correlate with changes in diastolic blood pressure (Bramwell, McDowall, & McSwiney, 1923;Geddes, Voelz, Babbs, Bourland, & Tacker, 1981). The decreases in PTT observed in these experiments during CS + presentation might therefore be argued to reflect both an increasing rigidity of the artery walls, which indicates less efficient cardiovascular functioning, and increases in diastolic blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Arterial pulse transit time and ECG-initiated transit time: The form of the conditioned responses

Redman

Dutch

1984

Psychobiology

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Arterial pulse transit time (PTT), ECG-initiated transit time (ECG-'IT), and interbeat interval were recorded during a differential classical conditioning procedure with a commercial video game functioning as the unconditioned stimulus. In Experiment 1, subjects were presented with 20 acquisition trials. Both PTT and ECG-TT showed differential changes to the CS+ and CS-. The PTT CR took the form of a decrease in transit time, reaching maximum between 5 and 7 beats after CS onset, and the ECG-'IT response was biphasic, consisting of an initial lengthening from baseline during the first three beats after CS onset followed by a decrease below baseline, reaching maximum at Beats 8-10. Experiment 2 is a replication of Experiment 1 using 40 acquisition trials. PTT and ECG-'IT CRs were similar to those observed in Experiment 1 and persisted during the 40 trials. The PTT decrease from baseline during Beats 5-7 was significant, as were the deceleratory and acceleratory ECG-TT components. 213The study of classically conditioned cardiovascular response in human subjects has until recently been lim-' ited primarily to heart rate (e.g., Zeaman, Deane, & Wegner, 1954) and vasomotor responding (e.g., Gottschalk, 1946). However, with technological developments, the recording of a wider range of cardiovascular responses has now become possible.Redman and Dutch (1983) reported conditioned responding in two such new responses, arterial pulse transit time (PTT) and ECG-initiated transit time (ECG-TT). Using the cold pressor test as the unconditioned stimulus (DCS), a decrease in PTT was observed in response to the conditioned stimulus (CS) and a concomitant lengthening of ECG-TT occurred. However, since the cold pressor test is noxious and has long-lasting effects on the cardiovascular system, the number of acquisition trials was limited to eight. Therefore, a thorough investigation of the form and persistence of the PTT and ECG-TT conditioned responses (CRs) was not possible.The purpose of the following experiments was to extend the findings of Redman and Dutch (1983) by exploring the form of the PTT and ECG-TT Cks and their persistence during extended acquisition. To avoid the

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“…New methods are mostly based on waveform measurement from ECG, PPG sensor, bioimpedance (EBI)/impedance cardiography (ICG), ballistocardiography, and videoplethysmography (VPG) as they aim to measure pulse wave velocity (PWV) [6], pulse arrival time (PAT), and pulse transit time (PTT) [7] indexes as surrogate indicators of blood pressure. However, such methods pose a great challenge which is calibration of PTT/PWV (in units of m/s or ms) to BP (in units of mmHg) [4].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Non-invasive and Cuff-less Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring System

Anvari

Yazdchi

Kayvanpour

et al. 2017

Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)

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Hypertension or high blood pressure (BP) is one of the most common worldwide disease leading to heart attack or stroke. Continuous assessment of blood pressure level is key to diagnosing hypertension. In this study, we designed and tested a dedicated cuff-less monitoring system which estimates BP level without need for calibration. We obtained continuous measurements from 40 healthy subjects (30 males and 10 females) ranging from 20-30 years old. Our measurement protocol consisted of 15 minutes simultaneous electrocardiography (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) within three sessions, i.e. rest, bicycle exercise, and recovery. From ECG and PPG signals, we obtained 34 candidate features from which up to 9 features were selected to estimate systolic and diastolic BP levels. We validate our results with three regression models such as linear regression, support vector machines (SVM) regression, and multilayer perceptron (MLP) to obtain the best results. The study provides a promising approach for modern cuff-less BP monitoring devices.

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Pulse Transit Time as an Indicator of Arterial Blood Pressure

Cited by 260 publications

References 3 publications

Relationship between pulse-wave velocity and arterial elasticity

Relationship between pulse-wave velocity and arterial elasticity

Arterial pulse transit time and ECG-initiated transit time: The form of the conditioned responses

Design and Implementation of a Non-invasive and Cuff-less Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring System

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