Pulse-shaper-assisted coherent control of shift currents

Kohli, Kapil K.; Mertens, Jan; Bieler, Mark; Chatterjee, Sangam

doi:10.1364/josab.28.000470

Cited by 9 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…49,50 An estimate of the shift vector was extracted by comparing a phenomenological model for shift currents with the experiments on wurtzite semiconductors, 51 while a shift current model was used to understand the ultrafast optical response of GaAs. 52 In ferroelectrics, a direct comparison of ab initio shift current calculations with experiment has provided support for the shift current theory. 22,53 Recently, shift current effects have been studied in the high-field, low-frequency regime, 16 whereas the effect of Coulombic interactions on the shift current have also been studied experimentally.…”

Section: Review Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Shift current bulk photovoltaic effect in polar materials—hybrid and oxide perovskites and beyond

et al. 2016

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The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) refers to the generation of a steady photocurrent and above-bandgap photovoltage in a single-phase homogeneous material lacking inversion symmetry. The mechanism of BPVE is decidedly different from the typical p-n junction-based photovoltaic mechanism in heterogeneous materials. Recently, there has been renewed interest in ferroelectric materials for solar energy conversion, inspired by the discovery of above-bandgap photovoltages in ferroelectrics, the invention of low bandgap ferroelectric materials and the rapidly improving power conversion efficiency of metal halide perovskites. However, as long as the nature of the BPVE and its dependence on composition and structure remain poorly understood, materials engineering and the realisation of its true potential will be hampered. In this review article, we survey the history, development and recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of BPVE, with a focus on the shift current mechanism, an intrinsic BPVE that is universal to all materials lacking inversion symmetry. In addition to explaining the theory of shift current, materials design opportunities and challenges will be discussed for future applications of the BPVE.

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Section: Review Of Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Shift current bulk photovoltaic effect in polar materials—hybrid and oxide perovskites and beyond

et al. 2016

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“…Bulk polarization is not required; only inversion symmetry must be broken. Shift currents have been investigated experimentally [19,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], analytically [20,23,[35][36][37], and computationally, although only for a few nonpolar materials [23][24][25]. Perturbative analysis treating the electromagnetic field classically yields the shift current expression [20,23] J q ¼ rsq E r E s rsq ð!Þ ¼ e e m@!…”

Section: First Principles Calculation Of the Shift Current Photovoltamentioning

confidence: 99%

First Principles Calculation of the Shift Current Photovoltaic Effect in Ferroelectrics

2012

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We calculate the bulk photovoltaic response of the ferroelectrics BaTiO 3 and PbTiO 3 from first principles by applying "shift current" theory to the electronic structure from density functional theory. The first principles results for BaTiO 3 reproduce eperimental photocurrent direction and magnitude as a function of light frequency, as well as the dependence of current on light polarization, demonstrating that shift current is the dominant mechanism of the bulk photovoltaic effect in BaTiO 3 . Additionally, we analyze the relationship between response and material properties in detail. The photocurrent does not depend simply or strongly on the magnitude of material polarization, as has been previously assumed; instead, electronic states with delocalized, covalent bonding that is highly asymmetric along the current direction are required for strong shift current enhancements. The complexity of the response dependence on both external and material parameters suggests applications not only in solar energy conversion, but to photocatalysis and sensor and switch type devices as well.

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“…This equation defines the nonlinear conductivity σ (2) (Ω; ω, Ω − ω). If we apply this formula to electric current I(t) of an 1D non-interacting electron system, the nonlinear DC conductivity (Ω = 0) is calculated as…”

Section: Second-order Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…α (k) is the eigen energy of the state |αk , and f α (k) = 1/(1+e α (k)/(k B T ) ) is the fermion distribution function for |αk . We have introduced a phenomenological relaxation time τ which is important to obtain a physically meaningful value of the conductivity σ (2) . Note that σ (2) is ill-defined in the case of 1/τ = 0.…”

Section: Second-order Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the pn junctions, single bulk crystals without inversion symmetry (i.e., noncentrosymmetric crystals), such as perovskite photovoltaics, have attracted attention as another platform of photovoltaic devices. The photocurrents in semiconductors [2][3][4], transitionmetal oxides [5,6] and organic materials [7] have been experimentally observed, and the corresponding microscopic theories [1,[8][9][10][11] for photocurrents have been developed, especially, in recent years [12][13][14][15]. These phenomena are a consequence of the asymmetric optical transition of electrons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spin-current version of solar cells in non-centrosymmetric magnetic insulators

Sato,

Ishizuka

2020

Preprint

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Photovoltaic effect, e.g., solar cells, converts light into DC electric current. This phenomenon takes place in various setups such as in noncentrosymmetric crystals and semiconductor pn junctions. Recently, we proposed a theory for producing DC spin current in magnets using electromagnetic waves, i.e., the spin-current counterpart of the solar cells. Our calculation shows that the nonlinear conductivity for the spin current is nonzero in a variety of noncentrosymmetric magnets, implying that the phenomenon is ubiquitous in inversion-asymmetric materials with magnetic excitations. Intuitively, this phenomenon is a bulk photovoltaic effect of magnetic excitations, where electrons and holes, visible light, and inversion-asymmetric semiconductors are replaced with magnons or spinons, THz or GHz waves, and asymmetric magnetic insulators, respectively. We also show that the photon-driven spin current is shift current type, and as a result, the current is stable against impurity scattering. This bulk photovoltaic spin current is in sharp contrast to that of well-known spin pumping that takes place at the interface between a magnet and a metal.

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Pulse-shaper-assisted coherent control of shift currents

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Shift current bulk photovoltaic effect in polar materials—hybrid and oxide perovskites and beyond

Shift current bulk photovoltaic effect in polar materials—hybrid and oxide perovskites and beyond

First Principles Calculation of the Shift Current Photovoltaic Effect in Ferroelectrics

Spin-current version of solar cells in non-centrosymmetric magnetic insulators

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