Pulsating Flow of CNT–Water Nanofluid Mixed Convection in a Vented Trapezoidal Cavity with an Inner Conductive T-Shaped Object and Magnetic Field Effects

Abstract

Mixed convection of carbon-nanotube/water nanofluid in a vented cavity with an inner conductive T-shaped object was examined under pulsating flow conditions under magnetic field effects with finite element method. Effects of different parameters such as Richardson number (between 0.05 and 50), Hartmann number (between 0 and 30), cavity wall inclination (between 0 ∘ and 10 ∘ ), size (between 0.1 H and 0.4 H) and orientation (between −90 ∘ and 90 ∘ ) of the T-shaped object, and amplitude (between 0.5 and 0.9) and frequency (Strouhal number between 0.25 and 5) of pulsating flow on the convective flow features were studied. It was observed that the average Nusselt number enhanced with the rise of strength of magnetic field, solid nanoparticle volume fraction, and amplitude of the pulsation, while the effect was opposite for higher values of Ri number and cavity wall inclination angle. The presence of the T-shaped object and adjusting its size and orientation had significant impact on the main flow stream from inlet to outlet and recirculations around the T-shaped object and in the vicinity of hot wall of the cavity along with the magnetic field strength. Pulsating flow resulted in heat transfer enhancement as compared to steady flow case for all configurations. However, the amount of increment was different depending on the variation of the parameters of interest. Heat transfer enhancements were 41.85% and 20.81% when the size of the T-shaped object was increased from 0.1 H to 0.4 H. The T-shaped object can be utilized in the vented cavity as an excellent tool for convective heat transfer control. As highly conductive CNT particles were used in water, significant enhancements in the average Nusselt number between 97% and 108% were obtained both in steady flow and in pulsating flow cases when magnetic field was absent or present.

Heat and mass transfer analysis of MHD stagnation point flow of carbon nanotubes with convective stretching disk and viscous dissipation

“…They discovered that the rates of entropy generation decreased when the radiation parameter was increased. Several authors [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] recently provided heat and mass transfer analyses of nanofluid flow among a variety of geometries. Since that time, a significant amount of research that takes MHD into consideration has apparently been carried out, as shown by Al-Kouz et al, 30 Bin Mizan et al, 31 Salawu et al, 32 Shamshuddin et al 33 However, the references that were discussed before only addressed the flat plate surface, there are still voids that may be filled in order to meet the criterion for further investigation.…”

“…They discovered that the rates of entropy generation decreased when the radiation parameter was increased. Several authors 23–29 recently provided heat and mass transfer analyses of nanofluid flow among a variety of geometries. Since that time, a significant amount of research that takes MHD into consideration has apparently been carried out, as shown by Al-Kouz et al, 30 Bin Mizan et al, 31 Salawu et al, 32 Shamshuddin et al 33…”

Thermal Management and Modeling of Forced Convection and Entropy Generation in a Vented Cavity by Simultaneous Use of a Curved Porous Layer and Magnetic Field

“…Convective heat transfer (CHT) in vented cavities is relevant in a variety of different technological applications such as in electronic cooling, textiles, drying, heating-ventilation, air conditioning, and many other systems [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Layered porous structures are considered in various applications such as as in fuel cell, solidification, and many other numerous systems.…”

Effects of Surface Rotation on the Phase Change Process in a 3D Complex-Shaped Cylindrical Cavity with Ventilation Ports and Installed PCM Packed Bed System during Hybrid Nanofluid Convection

“…The opening location, size, and number of ports are important in the HT amount [24]. Many methods have been offered to improve the HT with vented cavities, such as using fins [25,26], rotating objects [27,28], flow pulsations [29,30], magnetic fields [31], and elastic walls [32]. Nanofluids have also been considered in vented cavities and in convection studies [33][34][35][36][37][38], and their effectiveness has been shown.…”