Pulmonary vascular disease in Down’s syndrome with complete atrioventricular septal defect

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated With Gastroesophageal Reflux in a 2-Month-Old Boy With Down Syndrome

“…[8][9][10] This could be attributable to abnormalities in both the respiratory and vascular systems intrinsic to this syndrome, including …”

Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease

“…However, when compared with other CHD patients, those with Down's syndrome are more prone to developing PAH earlier, probably due to a subtle endothelial dysfunction [75], and have worse functional capacity; both factors being associated with poorer long-term outcome [9,60,76]. Despite this, however, a recent registry study found that patients with Down's syndrome received significantly less PAH-specific treatment [9].…”

Cytogenomic Aberrations in Congenital Cardiovascular Malformations

“…Coarctation of the aorta (CoA), pulmonary valve stenosis (PS), vascular ring, and defects of single ventricle physiology are seen less frequently [Lin et al, 2008;Irving and Chaudhari, 2012]. Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate, even in the absence of structural heart disease, occurs more frequently in DS as compared to the general population [Suzuki et al, 2000;Weijerman et al, 2010]. It is recommended that all children with DS have an echocardiogram and consultation with a cardiologist as needed in the newborn period [Bull, 2011].…”