Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study of 1566 Patients

Al-Hajjaj, Mohamed S.; Pandya, Lalit; Marie, A; Madani, Abdul Aziz; Al-Sharif, Nasser; Al-Majed, Sulaiman

doi:10.5144/0256-4947.1991.443

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These figures are several times higher than in many developed countries [3,4]. However, the incidence of TB as shown by our study and others is considerably higher in dialysis patients than in the general population [2,8,9]. The inci- Al Shohaib/Scrimgeour/Shaerya dence of tuberculosis in this series was higher compared to previously published data [2,5,6], which were not from the Western Region (Jeddah).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

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Tuberculosis in Active Dialysis Patients in Jeddah

Shohaib¹,

Scrimgeour²,

Shaerya

1999

Am J Nephrol

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The incidence of tuberculosis in The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia remains high. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of Tuberculosis among haemodialysis patients, since they are highly susceptible to this infection. A retrospective study, over a 5-year period, was carried out in the Renal Units of two large hospitals in Jeddah. Diagnosis was established by Ziehl Neelsen microscopy and culture of specimens on Lowenstein-Jensen media, radiological and histological examinations. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 17 of 210 patients on hemodialysis. Pulmonary tuberculosis was present in 10 cases and tuberculous lymphadenitis in 8 cases. One patient had both pulmonary and lymph node involvement while another one had both pulmonary and peritoneal tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was diagnosed in sputum in 5 cases, by lymph node histopathology in 5 cases, and combined radiological and clinical evidence in the remaining patients. The Mantoux test was positive in 9 (60%) cases. Eight patients were diabetics (47%) and there appears to be some association of tuberculosis with diabetes in patients on dialysis. Treatment with first-line anti-tuberculosis agents was continued for 6–18 months. Fourteen (82%) patients were completely cured while 3 showed clinical improvement only. The study showed that successful therapy of tuberculosis in this group of dialysis patients could be achieved but high index of suspicion is required to recognize the unusual presentation in this group of patients so that early diagnosis can be achieved and prompt treatment instituted. Diabetic patients presenting for dialysis, in areas with high endemicity for tuberculosis, chemoprophylaxis with anti-tuberculosis agents should be considered.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…The Jeddah area is characterized by the presence of many immigrants. TB is more prevalent in immigrants coming from other Asian and African countries, particularly during Haj period when over a million of pilgrims pass through Jeddah with overcrowding in many public places [5,7,8], thus exposing Jeddah residents to M. tuberculosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis in Active Dialysis Patients in Jeddah

Shohaib¹,

Scrimgeour²,

Shaerya

1999

Am J Nephrol

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“…Despite improved living standards, the availability of free antituberculosis medications, and the implementation of mass BCG vaccination at birth, tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [1–3]. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of TB in Saudi Arabia is high, particularly in the western province, probably due to the influx of a large number of visitors and laborers from developing countries through Jeddah's seaport and airport, particularly during the pilgrimage period [4–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment outcome of tuberculosis among Saudi nationals: role of drug resistance and compliance

Samman¹,

Krayem²,

Haidar³

et al. 2003

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Successful treatment outcome among Saudi Nationals seen at the KKNGH in 1993-99 was below the rate recommended by the WHO, and failed treatment was associated with poor compliance, male gender and drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These results emphasize the importance of culture and sensitivity tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and close supervision of patients taking antituberculosis medications.

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