Pulmonary Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum Infection as an Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an AIDS Patient

Teruya, Hiromitsu; Tateyama, Masao; Hibiya, Kenji; Tamaki, Yuko; Haranaga, Shusaku; Nakamura, Hideta; Tasato, Daisuke; Higa, Futoshi; Hirayasu, Tsuneo; Furugen, Tomonori; Kato, Seiya; Kazumi, Yuko; Maeda, Shingo; Fujita, Jiro

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.49.3616

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…According to several reports, rifampicin, clarithromycin, and new quinolones are key drugs for the treatment of such an organism. 4,6,7 The present study shows that the isolated organism is sensitive to clarithromycin, rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and amikacin, in accordance with previous studies. In the present case, treatment with clarithromycin and moxifloxacin was effective.…”

Section: Parascrofulaceum a New Species Of Ntm Is Classified As supporting

confidence: 92%

“…The symptoms observed in these cases were atypical, involving only fever, cough, and pain; some cases were even asymptomatic. [4][5][6][7][8] To the best of the authors' knowledge, no case of cutaneous infection with M. parascrofulaceum has been reported before now. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper is the first to report on a case in which the skin was the only infected organ involved, manifesting with asymptomatic reddish papules, nodules, plaques, and patches on the right side of the patient's face that persisted for 5 years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The prognosis of M. parascrofulaceum infection may depend on the immunity of patients, especially those with AIDS. [4][5][6][7][8]…”

Section: Parascrofulaceum a New Species Of Ntm Is Classified As mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strain usually causes respiratory diseases, especially in elderly immunosuppressed patients with predisposing factors. [4][5][6][7][8] The authors present the first, to the best of their knowledge, reported case of cutaneous infection caused by M. parascrofulaceum in a patient without immunosuppression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The first case of cutaneous infection with Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum

Wang¹,

Zong²,

Xu³

et al. 2012

TCRM

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The authors present the first, to the best of their knowledge, reported case of cutaneous infection caused by Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum. A 42-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic reddish papules, nodules, plaques, and patches on the right side of her face and on her forehead that had persisted for 5 years, with the lesions gradually increasing in size over that time. No previous intervening medical treatment had been applied. No history or evidence of immunosuppression was found. A skin biopsy was performed for routine histological examination. Samples of lesioned skin were inoculated on Löwenstein-Jensen medium to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Ziehl-Neelsen staining was used to confirm the presence of the organism. In vitro drug susceptibility testing was conducted using the microtiter plate method. Mycobacterium was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of the hsp65 and 16S rDNA genes. Cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, as well as fungus, were also conducted. Routine histopathology revealed granulomatous changes without caseation. Ziehl-Neelsen staining showed that the organisms in both the lesions and the cultures were acid-fast bacilli. The cultured colonies were grown in Löwenstein-Jensen medium and incubated at two different temperatures (32°C and 37°C) for 2-3 weeks, developing pigmentation both in the dark and in the light. In vitro drug susceptibility tests showed that the organism was sensitive to clarithromycin and moxifloxacin. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequencing of the hsp65 and 16S rDNA genes confirmed that the isolated organisms were M. parascrofulaceum. Fungal and other standard bacterial cultures were negative. In conclusion, identification and diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacteria should be performed promptly to obtain better prognoses. Empirical treatments may be feasible, and drug susceptibility tests are important.

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Section: Parascrofulaceum a New Species Of Ntm Is Classified As supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The prognosis of M. parascrofulaceum infection may depend on the immunity of patients, especially those with AIDS. [4][5][6][7][8]…”

Section: Parascrofulaceum a New Species Of Ntm Is Classified As mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The first case of cutaneous infection with Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum

Wang¹,

Zong²,

Xu³

et al. 2012

TCRM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The precise identification of mycobacterial species is important because the clinical courses and treatments vary according to the species. To date, only a few cases of M. parascrofulaceum infection have been reported (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), and the infection has not yet been clinically characterized completely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary <i>Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum</i> Infection in a Patient with Chronic Progressive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: A Case Report and Literature Review

et al. 2020

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A 67-year-old man with a pulmonary cavity was admitted to our hospital. Mycobacterial culture of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sample obtained from the right upper pulmonary lesion tested positive for mycobacterium, and sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes, hsp65, and rpoB revealed that the cultured mycobacterium was Mycobacterium parascrofulaceum. Treatment with antimycobacterial agents was ineffective, and repeated culturing of bronchoscopic specimens revealed that the specimens were positive for Aspergillus fumigatus. Combination treatment of antimycobacterial agents and voriconazole improved the lung lesion. This is the first report of a patient with pulmonary M. parascrofulaceum infection complicated with chronic progressive pulmonary aspergillosis.

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