Pulmonary function

The principles of pulmonary ventilation are the same for children and adults. Ventilation adjusts to alterations in metabolic demand in the child; but for a given exercise intensity there is a greater ventilation when expressed relative to body mass and a higher energetic cost of breathing in the child compared to the adult. Limited evidence suggests child-adult differences may be a result of immature chemoreception, a greater drive to breathe, differences in airway dimensions, and the mechanical work of breathing. There are few studies investigating the dynamic ventilatory response to moderate intensity exercise and none to heavy or very heavy intensity exercise in the child. Little attention has been devoted to the developmental pattern of ventilatory control, although there is evidence of altered chemoreceptive modulation of breathing in the child. Considerable research will be necessary before we have a full appreciation of pulmonary function during exercise in the child.

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A Systematic Approach to Interpreting the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Pediatrics

Brussel

Bongers

Hulzebos

et al. 2019

Pediatric Exercise Science

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The use of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in pediatrics provides critical insights into potential physiological causes of unexplained exercise-related complaints or symptoms, as well as specific pathophysiological patterns based on physiological responses or abnormalities. Clinical interpretation of the results of a cardiopulmonary exercise test in pediatrics requires specific knowledge with regard to pathophysiological responses and interpretative strategies that can be adapted to address concerns specific to the child's medical condition or disability. In this review, the authors outline the 7-step interpretative approach that they apply in their outpatient clinic for diagnostic, prognostic, and evaluative purposes. This approach allows the pediatric clinician to interpret cardiopulmonary exercise testing results in a systematic order to support their physiological reasoning and clinical decision making.

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Pulmonary function

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Cardiorespiratory fitness, respiratory function and hemodynamic responses to maximal cycle ergometer exercise test in girls and boys aged 9–11 years: the PANIC Study

Cardiorespiratory fitness, respiratory function and hemodynamic responses to maximal cycle ergometer exercise test in girls and boys aged 9–11 years: the PANIC Study

Pulmonary function

A Systematic Approach to Interpreting the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Pediatrics

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