Cardiorespiratory fitness, respiratory function and hemodynamic responses to maximal cycle ergometer exercise test in girls and boys aged 9–11 years: the PANIC Study

Lintu, Niina; Viitasalo, Anna; Tompuri, Tuomo; Veijalainen, Aapo; Hakulinen, Mikko; Laitinen, Tomi; Savonen, Kai; Lakka, Timo A.

doi:10.1007/s00421-014-3013-8

Cited by 22 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Heart rate data were cleaned and individually calibrated with sleeping heart rate and parameters obtained from maximal exercise tests performed by the Ergoselect 200 K ® electromagnetic bicycle ergometer (Ergoline, Bitz, Germany) and the Cardiosoft ® V6.5 Diagnostic System ECG device (GE Healthcare Medical Systems, Freiburg, Germany). The heart rate data were finally combined with trunk acceleration data in a branched equation model to estimate activity intensity time‐series, as described previously .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal associations of physical activity and sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk factors in children

Väistö

Haapala

Viitasalo

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background There are few prospective studies on the associations of changes in objectively measured vigorous physical activity (VPA∆), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA∆), light physical activity (LPA∆), and sedentary time (ST∆) with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors (∆) in children. We therefore investigated these relationships among children. Methods The participants were a population sample of 258 children aged 6–8 years followed for 2 years. We assessed PA and ST by a combined heart rate and movement sensor; computed continuous age- and sex-adjusted z-scores for waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting insulin, glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol; and constructed a cardiometabolic risk score (CRS) of these risk factors. Data were analysed using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, the explanatory and outcome variables at baseline, and puberty. Results VPA∆ associated inversely with CRS∆ (β=-0.209, p=0.001), body fat percentage (BF%)∆ (β=-0.244, p=0.001), insulin∆ (β=-0.220, p=0.001), and triglycerides∆ (β=-0.164, p=0.012) and directly with HDL cholesterol∆ (β=0.159, p=0.023). MVPA∆ associated inversely with CRS∆ (β=-0.178, p=0.012), BF%∆ (β=-0.298, p=<0.001), and insulin∆ (β=-0.213, p=0.006) and directly with HDL cholesterol∆ (β=0.184, p=0.022). LPA∆ only associated negatively with CRS∆ (β=-0.163, p=0.032). ST∆ associated directly with CRS∆ (β=0.218, p=0.003), BF%∆ (β=0.212, p=0.016), and insulin∆ (β=0.159, p=0.049). Conclusions Increased VPA and MVPA and decreased ST were associated with reduced overall cardiometabolic risk and major individual risk factors. Change in LPA had weaker associations with changes in these cardiometabolic risk factors. Our findings suggest that increasing at least moderate-intensity PA and decreasing ST decrease cardiometabolic risk in children.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal associations of physical activity and sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk factors in children

Väistö

Haapala

Viitasalo

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Altogether 512 children (248 girls, 264 boys), who accounted for 70% of those invited, participated in the baseline examinations in 2007‐2009. The participants did not differ in sex distribution, age, or body mass index standard deviation score (BMI‐SDS) from all children who started the first grade in the city of Kuopio in 2007‐2009 based on data from the standard school health examinations performed for all Finnish children before the first grade . The present analyses are based on the 2‐year follow‐up data.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exercise test was considered maximal if the peak heart rate was at least 185 beats per minute and the respiratory exchange ratio was at least 1.0 . However, the research physician also adjudged the exercise test maximal among 21 (6%) children with a peak heart rate of 179‐184 beats per minute, because the cadence dropped below 65 rpm although the children still had the motivation to continue and the reason for terminating the test suggested a maximal effort had been provided . The peak workload was defined as the workload at the end of the exercise test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V̇O 2peak was measured using the breath‐by‐breath method and was averaged over consecutive 15‐second periods. V̇O 2peak and the respiratory exchange ratio were defined as the highest 15‐seconds average values recorded during the last minute of the exercise test …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also compared the cardiometabolic risk score in the categories of V̇O 2peak scaled by BM and LM among boys and girls combined using analysis of covariance with Sidak correction adjusted for age and the study group. In these analyses, we used sex‐specific categories of V̇O 2peak scaled by BM and LM according to the distributions of these variables (very low [<2.5%], low [2.5%‐15.9%], medium [16%‐83.9%], high [84%‐97.5%], and very high [>97.5%]) as defined in our earlier study in the same pediatric population . We combined children in the two highest categories because of the small number of children in the highest category to increase statistical power in these analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Peak oxygen uptake cut‐points to identify children at increased cardiometabolic risk – The PANIC Study

Agbaje

Haapala

Lintu

et al. 2018

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We aimed to develop cut-points for directly measured peak oxygen uptake ( ) to identify boys and girls at increased cardiometabolic risk using different scaling methods to control for body size and composition. Altogether 352 children (186 boys, 166 girls) aged 9-11 years were included in the analyses. We measured V̇O directly during a maximal cycle ergometer exercise test and lean body mass (LM) by bioelectrical impedance. We computed a sex- and age-specific cardiometabolic risk score (CRS) by summing important cardiometabolic risk factors and defined increased cardiometabolic risk as >1 standard deviation above the mean of CRS. Receiver operating characteristics curves were used to detect V̇O cut-points for increased cardiometabolic risk. Boys with V̇O <45.8 mL kg body mass (BM) min (95% confidence interval [CI] = 45.1 to 54.6, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.86, P < 0.001) and <63.2 mL kg LM min (95% CI =52.4 to 67.5, AUC = 0.65, P = 0.006) had an increased CRS. Girls with V̇O <44.1 mL kg BM min (95% CI = 44.0 to 58.6, AUC = 0.67, P = 0.013) had an increased CRS. V̇O scaled by BM and LM derived from log-linear allometric modeling poorly predicted increased cardiometabolic risk in boys and girls. In conclusion, directly measured <45.8 mL kg BM min among boys and <44.1 mL kg BM min among girls were cut-points to identify those at increased cardiometabolic risk. Appropriately controlling for body size and composition reduced the ability of cardiorespiratory fitness to identify children at increased cardiometabolic risk.

show abstract

The effects of a 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipid concentrations in children: the PANIC Study

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose We studied the effects of a physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipids in a general population of children. We also investigated how lifestyle changes contributed to the intervention effects. Methods We carried out a 2-year controlled, non-randomized lifestyle intervention study among 504 mainly prepubertal children aged 6-9 years at baseline. We assigned 306 children to the intervention group and 198 children to the control group. We assessed plasma concentrations of total, LDL, HDL, and VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL triglycerides, and VLDL triglycerides. We evaluated the consumption of foods using 4-day food records and physical activity using a movement and heart rate sensor. We analyzed data using linear mixed-effect models adjusted for age at baseline, sex, and pubertal stage at both time points. Furthermore, specific lifestyle variables were entered in these models. Results Plasma LDL cholesterol decreased in the intervention group but did not change in the control group (− 0.05 vs. 0.00 mmol/L, regression coefficient (β) = − 0.0385, p = 0.040 for group*time interaction). This effect was mainly explained by the changes in the consumption of high-fat vegetable oil-based spreads (β = − 0.0203, + 47% change in β) and butter-based spreads (β = − 0.0294, + 30% change in β), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (β = − 0.0268, + 30% change in β), light physical activity (β = − 0.0274, + 29% change in β) and sedentary time (β = − 0.0270, + 30% change in β). The intervention had no effect on other plasma lipids. Conclusion Lifestyle intervention resulted a small decrease in plasma LDL cholesterol concentration in children. The effect was explained by changes in quality and quantity of dietary fat and physical activity. Clinical Trial Registry Number NCT01803776, ClinicalTrials.gov

show abstract

Cardiorespiratory fitness, respiratory function and hemodynamic responses to maximal cycle ergometer exercise test in girls and boys aged 9–11 years: the PANIC Study

Abstract: The indicators of cardiorespiratory fitness were better in boys than in girls. These data enable the evaluation of cardiorespiratory function during and after maximal exercise test and the detection of children with abnormal values.

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Longitudinal associations of physical activity and sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk factors in children

Longitudinal associations of physical activity and sedentary time with cardiometabolic risk factors in children

Peak oxygen uptake cut‐points to identify children at increased cardiometabolic risk – The PANIC Study

The effects of a 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipid concentrations in children: the PANIC Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About