Pulmonary Complications of Endocrine Diseases

Zimmerman, Leslie

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-3383-5.00095-6

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…Thyroid hormones have complex metabolic effects that explain their intervention in the complex mechanism of respiration: they regulate protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, control membrane enzyme activity, increase mitochondrial oxidative processes, modulate the transcription of many genes encoding myofibrillar and calcium-regulatory proteins in myofibers [3], play an important role in the development of the lungs and the maturation of pulmonary surfactant [4]. The alteration of thyroid function accompanied by sometimes life-threatening respiratory manifestations, which can be corrected by adequate therapy, is an argument supporting the importance of their knowledge.…”

Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pleural collection is evidenced in 25% of patients with hypothyroidism [4]. This should be differentiated from pleural collections caused by disorders associated with hypothyroidism: pneumonia, cardiac failure, cirrhosis with ascites, malignant lesions [13].…”

Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, a warning should be given regarding the association of allergic bronchial asthma in hyperthyroid patients, the evolution of which can be aggravated by β-blockers administered for the control of hyperthyroidism [4]. …”

Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical studies have shown an association between Graves’ disease treated with propylthiouracyl and Wegener’s granulomatosis [4]. …”

Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In secondary hyperparathyroidism in severe chronic renal disease or hemodialysis patients, nodular calcifications develop in the lung tissue, in the bronchial and pulmonary artery walls [4]. They are predominantly located in the alveolar septa, mainly in the lung apex.…”

Section: Parathyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory Manifestations in Endocrine Diseases

Lencu

Alexescu

Petrulea

et al. 2016

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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The control mechanisms of respiration as a vital function are complex: voluntary – cortical, and involuntary – metabolic, neural, emotional and endocrine. Hormones and hypothalamic neuropeptides (that act as neurotrasmitters and neuromodulators in the central nervous system) play a role in the regulation of respiration and in bronchopulmonary morphology. This article presents respiratory manifestations in adult endocrine diseases that evolve with hormone deficit or hypersecretion. In hyperthyroidism, patients develop ventilation disorders, obstructive and central sleep apnea, and pleural collection. The respiratory abnormalities in hyperthyroidism as a result of the hypermetabolic action of thyroid hormones are hyperventilation, myopathy and cardiovascular involvement; recent studies have reported pulmonary arterial hypertension in Graves’ disease, as a result of the association of several mechanisms. Thyroid hypertrophy can induce through compression of the upper airways dyspnea, stridor, wheezing and cough. The respiratory disorders in acromegaly are ventilatory dysfunction and sleep apnea, which contribute to an unfavorable evolution of the disease. Respiratory changes in parathyroid, adrenal and reproductive system diseases have been described. Respiratory disorders should be recognized, investigated and monitored by medical practitioners of various specialties (family physicians, internists, endocrinologists, pneumologists, cardiologists). They are frequently severe, causing an unfavorable evolution of the associated endocrine and respiratory disease.

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Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical studies have shown an association between Graves’ disease treated with propylthiouracyl and Wegener’s granulomatosis [4]. …”

Section: Thyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parathyroid Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Respiratory Manifestations in Endocrine Diseases

Lencu

Alexescu

Petrulea

et al. 2016

Medicine and Pharmacy Reports

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Prospective role of thyroid disorders in monitoring COVID-19 pandemic

Kumari

Chainy

Subudhi

2020

Heliyon

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Clinical Assessment and Systemic Manifestations of Thyrotoxicosis

Marcocci¹,

Cetani²

2022

Oxford Textbook of Endocrinology and Diabetes 3e

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The term ‘thyrotoxicosis’ refers to the clinical syndrome due to excessive serum concentrations of free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, or both. Potential causes of thyrotoxicosis include destructive thyroiditis, excessive ingestion of thyroid hormones, or secretion of thyroid hormones from ectopic sites. The term ‘hyperthyroidism’ is used when thyrotoxicosis is due to hormone overproduction by the thyroid gland, Graves’ disease being the most common. Other diseases responsible for thyrotoxicosis are destructive thyroiditis, excessive ingestion of thyroid hormones or secretion of thyroid hormones from ectopic sites. The clinical features depend on the severity and duration of the disease, the age of the patient, the presence or absence of extrathyroidal manifestations, and the specific thyrotoxic disorder.

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Pulmonary Complications of Endocrine Diseases

Cited by 4 publications

References 168 publications

Respiratory Manifestations in Endocrine Diseases

Respiratory Manifestations in Endocrine Diseases

Prospective role of thyroid disorders in monitoring COVID-19 pandemic

Clinical Assessment and Systemic Manifestations of Thyrotoxicosis

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