Pullulan: Biosynthesis, Production and Applications

Pandey, Sureshwar; Shreshtha, Ishita; Sachan, Shashwati Ghosh

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75289-7_6

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…The main purpose of this study is to obtain a biocomposite material by cocultivation of a bacterial cellulose producer and a pullulan producer and to investigate its properties. Pullulan (PUL) is a linear unbranched homopolysaccharide produced by the yeastlike fungus Aureobasidium pullulans [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced “Green” Prebiotic Composite of Bacterial Cellulose/Pullulan Based on Synthetic Biology-Powered Microbial Coculture Strategy

et al. 2022

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Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer produced by different microorganisms, but in biotechnological practice, Komagataeibacter xylinus is used. The micro- and nanofibrillar structure of BC, which forms many different-sized pores, creates prerequisites for the introduction of other polymers into it, including those synthesized by other microorganisms. The study aims to develop a cocultivation system of BC and prebiotic producers to obtain BC-based composite material with prebiotic activity. In this study, pullulan (PUL) was found to stimulate the growth of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG better than the other microbial polysaccharides gellan and xanthan. BC/PUL biocomposite with prebiotic properties was obtained by cocultivation of Komagataeibacter xylinus and Aureobasidium pullulans, BC and PUL producers respectively, on molasses medium. The inclusion of PUL in BC is proved gravimetrically by scanning electron microscopy and by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Cocultivation demonstrated a composite effect on the aggregation and binding of BC fibers, which led to a significant improvement in mechanical properties. The developed approach for “grafting” of prebiotic activity on BC allows preparation of environmentally friendly composites of better quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced “Green” Prebiotic Composite of Bacterial Cellulose/Pullulan Based on Synthetic Biology-Powered Microbial Coculture Strategy

et al. 2022

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“…However, capsules with PUL are even more rigid and strong. This may be due to the filler PUL reinforcing the hydrogen network and filling the voids [ 31 , 32 ]. Strength is a positive technological property, since fragile capsules are easily broken and destroyed, creating problems during handling, storage, and further processing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Encapsulating a Prebiotic-Based Biopolymer Delivery System for Enhanced Probiotic Survival

et al. 2023

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Orally delivered probiotics must survive transit through harsh environments during gastrointestinal (GI) digestion and be delivered and released into the target site. The aim of this work was to evaluate the survivability and delivery of gel-encapsulated Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) to the colon. New hybrid symbiotic beads alginate/prebiotic pullulan/probiotic LGG were obtained by the extrusion method. The average size of the developed beads was 3401 µm (wet), 921 µm (dry) and the bacterial titer was 109 CFU/g. The morphology of the beads was studied by a scanning electron microscope, demonstrating the structure of the bacterial cellulose shell and loading with probiotics. For the first time, we propose adding an enzymatic extract of feces to an artificial colon fluid, which mimics the total hydrolytic activity of the intestinal microbiota. The beads can be digested by fecalase with cellulase activity, indicating intestinal release. The encapsulation of LGG significantly enhanced their viability under simulated GI conditions. However, the beads, in combination with the prebiotic, provided greater protection of bacteria, enhancing their survival and even increasing cell numbers in the capsules. These data suggest the promising prospects of coencapsulation as an innovative delivery method based on the inclusion of probiotic bacteria in a symbiotic matrix.

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“…Determination of a catalytically competent binding conformation of the enzyme is important to describe how the enzyme acts on its specific substrate. Although rMePUL exhibited the highest activity on pullulan (Figure 2D), this substrate is not found in plants but generally obtained from fungi such as Aureobasidium pullulans (Pandey et al, 2021). Additionally, the MePUL active site could not be fully occupied by pullulan substrate since the pullulan structure lacks glucosyl branch point at the position of 0′ subsite in the active site.…”

Section: Prediction Of a Catalytically Competent Binding Conformationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cassava pullulanase and its synergistic debranching action with isoamylase 3 in starch catabolism

et al. 2023

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Pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41, PUL), a debranching enzyme belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 13 subfamily 13, catalyses the cleavage of α-1,6 linkages of pullulan and β-limit dextrin. The present work studied PUL from cassava Manihot esculenta Crantz (MePUL) tubers, an important economic crop. The Mepul gene was successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli and rMePUL was biochemically characterised. MePUL was present as monomer and homodimer, as judged by apparent mass of ~ 84 - 197 kDa by gel permeation chromatography analysis. Optimal pH and temperature were at pH 6.0 and 50 °C, and enzyme activity was enhanced by the addition of Ca2+ ions. Pullulan is the most favourable substrate for rMePUL, followed by β-limit dextrin. Additionally, maltooligosaccharides were potential allosteric modulators of rMePUL. Interestingly, short-chain maltooligosaccharides (DP 2 - 4) were significantly revealed at a higher level when rMePUL was mixed with cassava isoamylase 3 (rMeISA3), compared to that of each single enzyme reaction. This suggests that MePUL and MeISA3 debranch β-limit dextrin in a synergistic manner, which represents a major starch catabolising process in dicots. Additionally, subcellular localisation suggested the involvement of MePUL in starch catabolism, which normally takes place in plastids.

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Pullulan: Biosynthesis, Production and Applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 107 publications

Advanced “Green” Prebiotic Composite of Bacterial Cellulose/Pullulan Based on Synthetic Biology-Powered Microbial Coculture Strategy

Advanced “Green” Prebiotic Composite of Bacterial Cellulose/Pullulan Based on Synthetic Biology-Powered Microbial Coculture Strategy

The Effect of Encapsulating a Prebiotic-Based Biopolymer Delivery System for Enhanced Probiotic Survival

Cassava pullulanase and its synergistic debranching action with isoamylase 3 in starch catabolism

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