Publicly available database of measurements with the silicon spectrometer Liulin onboard aircraft

Ploc, Ondřej; Ambrožová, Iva; Kubančák, Jan; I, Kovár; Dachev, Tsvetan

doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.09.002

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A large number of measurements used for postflight analysis have been made using Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counters (TEPCs) under GCR background conditions and not during major space weather SEP events [Dyer et al, 1990;Beck et al, 1999;Kyllönen et al, 2001;European Commission Radiation Protection 140, 2004;Getley et al, 2005;Beck et al, 2005;Latocha et al, 2007;Meier et al, 2009;Beck et al, 2009;Dyer et al, 2009;Hands and Dyer, 2009;Getley et al, 2010;Gersey et al, 2012;Tobiska et al, 2014aTobiska et al, , 2014bTobiska et al, , 2015. Some of the measurements have included neutron flux and dose equivalent measurements with solid-state detectors Hands and Dyer, 2009;Ploc et al, 2013;Lee et al, 2015].…”

Section: Status Of Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global real-time dose measurements using the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) system

et al. 2016

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The Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) program has successfully deployed a fleet of six instruments measuring the ambient radiation environment at commercial aircraft altitudes. ARMAS transmits real‐time data to the ground and provides quality, tissue‐relevant ambient dose equivalent rates with 5 min latency for dose rates on 213 flights up to 17.3 km (56,700 ft). We show five cases from different aircraft; the source particles are dominated by galactic cosmic rays but include particle fluxes for minor radiation periods and geomagnetically disturbed conditions. The measurements from 2013 to 2016 do not cover a period of time to quantify galactic cosmic rays' dependence on solar cycle variation and their effect on aviation radiation. However, we report on small radiation “clouds” in specific magnetic latitude regions and note that active geomagnetic, variable space weather conditions may sufficiently modify the magnetospheric magnetic field that can enhance the radiation environment, particularly at high altitudes and middle to high latitudes. When there is no significant space weather, high‐latitude flights produce a dose rate analogous to a chest X‐ray every 12.5 h, every 25 h for midlatitudes, and every 100 h for equatorial latitudes at typical commercial flight altitudes of 37,000 ft (~11 km). The dose rate doubles every 2 km altitude increase, suggesting a radiation event management strategy for pilots or air traffic control; i.e., where event‐driven radiation regions can be identified, they can be treated like volcanic ash clouds to achieve radiation safety goals with slightly lower flight altitudes or more equatorial flight paths.

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Section: Status Of Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global real-time dose measurements using the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) system

et al. 2016

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“…It has been developed at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences for aircrew dosimetry and space applications and has been used for dosimetric measurements at several airlines for many years (Spurný & Dachev 2002;Meier et al 2009;Ploc et al 2013). Energy deposition events can be collected within configurable time intervals between 10 s and 10 min.…”

Section: The Mobile Dosimetry Unit (Mdu) Liulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further information on the Liulin instrument and its calibration for different purposes, e.g. determination of H*(10) using spectral analysis, can be found in Uchihori et al 2002;Dachev et al 2007;Ploc et al 2011;Kubancak et al 2013;Ploc et al 2013).…”

Section: The Mobile Dosimetry Unit (Mdu) Liulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

CONCORD: comparison of cosmic radiation detectors in the radiation field at aviation altitudes

Meier

Trompier

Ambrožová³

et al. 2016

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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Space weather can strongly affect the complex radiation field at aviation altitudes. The assessment of the corresponding radiation exposure of aircrew and passengers has been a challenging task as well as a legal obligation in the European Union for many years. The response of several radiation measuring instruments operated by different European research groups during joint measuring flights was investigated in the framework of the CONCORD (COmparisoN of COsmic Radiation Detectors) campaign in the radiation field at aviation altitudes. This cooperation offered the opportunity to measure under the same space weather conditions and contributed to an independent quality control among the participating groups. The CONCORD flight campaign was performed with the twin-jet research aircraft Dassault Falcon 20E operated by the flight facility Oberpfaffenhofen of the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt, DLR). Dose rates were measured at four positions in the atmosphere in European airspace for about one hour at each position in order to obtain acceptable counting statistics. The analysis of the space weather situation during the measuring flights demonstrates that short-term solar activity did not affect the results which show a very good agreement between the readings of the instruments of the different institutes.

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“…The RaD‐X project was conceived to address the question of how the ionizing radiation environment changes as a function of altitude in the atmosphere. The environment at commercial aviation altitudes has been well studied because of the exposure of large numbers of passengers and aircrew [e.g., Tobiska et al, ; Ploc et al, ]. Regulations vary from country to country but it is a common practice, at least in Europe and the US, that dose to aircrew is taken into account by the relevant authorities and efforts are made to ensure that annual accumulated dose does not exceed safety thresholds [ Dyer et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The disappearance of the pfotzer-regener maximum in dose equivalent measurements in the stratosphere

2016

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The NASA Radiation Dosimetry Experiment (RaD‐X) successfully deployed four radiation detectors on a high‐altitude balloon for a period of approximately 20 h. One of these detectors was the RaySure in‐flight monitor, which is a solid‐state instrument designed to measure ionizing dose rates to aircrew and passengers. Data from RaySure on RaD‐X show absorbed dose rates rising steadily as a function of altitude up to a peak at approximately 60,000 feet, known as the Pfotzer‐Regener maximum. Above this altitude absorbed dose rates level off before showing a small decline as the RaD‐X balloon approaches its maximum altitude of around 125,000 feet. The picture for biological dose equivalent, however, is very different. At high altitudes the fraction of dose from highly ionizing particles increases significantly. Dose from these particles causes a disproportionate amount of biological damage compared to dose from more lightly ionizing particles, and this is reflected in the quality factors used to calculate the dose equivalent quantity. By calculating dose equivalent from RaySure data, using coefficients derived from previous calibrations, we show that there is no peak in the dose equivalent rate at the Pfotzer‐Regener maximum. Instead, the dose equivalent rate keeps increasing with altitude as the influence of dose from primary cosmic rays becomes increasingly important. This result has implications for high altitude aviation, space tourism and, due to its thinner atmosphere, the surface radiation environment on Mars.

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Publicly available database of measurements with the silicon spectrometer Liulin onboard aircraft

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Global real-time dose measurements using the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) system

Global real-time dose measurements using the Automated Radiation Measurements for Aerospace Safety (ARMAS) system

CONCORD: comparison of cosmic radiation detectors in the radiation field at aviation altitudes

The disappearance of the pfotzer-regener maximum in dose equivalent measurements in the stratosphere

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