Publication bias casts doubt on implicit processing in inattentional blindness

Nobre, Alexandre de Pontes; Melo, Gabriela Mueller de; Shanks, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104775

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…involving perceptual features). While two recent meta‐analyses suggest unconscious processing under inattentional blindness (Kreitz et al, 2020; Nobre et al, 2020), a subsequent study attributes such findings to publication bias (Nobre et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconscious integration: Current evidence for integrative processing under subliminal conditions

Zher-Wen

2023

British J of Psychology

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Integrative processing is traditionally believed to be dependent on consciousness. While earlier studies within the last decade reported many types of integration under subliminal conditions (i.e. without perceptual awareness), these findings are widely challenged recently. This review evaluates the current evidence for 10 types of subliminal integration that are widely studied: arithmetic processing, object-context integration, multi-word processing, same-different processing, multisensory integration and 5 different types of associative learning. Potential methodological issues concerning awareness measures are also taken into account. It is concluded that while there is currently no reliable evidence for subliminal integration, this does not necessarily refute 'unconscious' integration defined through non-subliminal (e.g. implicit) approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unconscious integration: Current evidence for integrative processing under subliminal conditions

Zher-Wen

2023

British J of Psychology

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“…In several simulation studies, RoBMA was found to be superior to other bias correction methods [28]. RoBMA has been used notably in the field of psychology [31][32][33]. We used RoBMA to provide a sensitivity analysis of i) the publication bias detection, when the Egger's test was significant and ii) the evaluation of the publication bias effect, by providing a corrected ORRoBMA and comparing it to the ORUncorrected as previously described with the T&F method.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Publication bias in pharmacogenetics of statin-associated muscle symptoms, an umbrella review with a meta-epidemiological study

Gougeon,

Aribi,

Guernouche

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are a major cause of treatment discontinuation. Adjusting statin dosages for solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1 (SLCO1B1) genotype has been proposed to reduce SAMS. We hypothesized that the association between SLCO1B1 genotype and SAMS is misestimated because of publication bias. Methods: We searched for published systematic reviews evaluating the association between SLCO1B1 genotype and SAMS. We collected the odds ratio (OR) of this association in each clinical study. We assessed the presence of publication bias using the visual inspection of a funnel plot and Egger?s test and used the Bayes Factor (BFPublication-bias) of the Robust Bayesian Meta-Analysis (RoBMA) as a sensitivity analysis. We evaluated the effect of publication bias by comparing qualitatively and quantitatively (ratio of OR [ROR]) OR of the meta-analysis i) uncorrected for potential publication bias (ORUncorrected) and ii) corrected using the trim-and-fill (ORTrim&Fill). We also used the RoBMA (ORRoBMA) for corrected OR as a sensitivity analysis. Our primary analysis covered the associations between any SLCO1B1 genotype and any statin drug. Secondary analysis focused on SLCO1B1 genotypes and statin drug subgroups. Results: We included 8 cohort and 11 case-control studies, totaling 62 OR of three SLCO1B1 genotypes and five statin drugs plus one ?mixed? statin treatment. All controls were statin-tolerant patients. In the primary analysis, the funnel plot was suggestive of publication bias, confirmed by Egger?s test (p=0.001) and RoBMA (BFPublication-bias=18). Correcting the estimate for publication bias resulted in loss of the association, from a significant ORUncorrected (1.31 95% CI [1.13?1.53]) to corrected ORs suggesting no difference: i) ORTrim&Fill (1.07 95% CI [0.89?1.30]) and ii) ORRoBMA (1.02 95% CI [1.00?1.33]). The RORTrim&Fill and the RORRoBMA suggested that publication bias overestimated the association by 18% and 23%, respectively. The results were similar for the most studied SLCO1B1 genotype, as for simvastatin and atorvastatin. Conclusion: The effect of the SLCO1B1 genotype on the risk of developing SAMS is overestimated in the published literature. This could lead prescribers to incorrectly decreasing statin doses or even avoiding statin use, leading to a loss of the potential cardiovascular benefit of statins.

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“…Shanks et al (e.g. [ 1 – 5 ]) have a long history of arguing against the findings from meta-analyses of priming experiments. Continuing with this trend, Shanks & Vadillo [ 6 ] critiqued our meta-analysis of goal priming experiments in organizational psychology [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An independent researcher found that their finding was negligibly affected by a publication bias. Shanks & Vadillo (2021) [1][2][3][4][5]) have a long history of arguing against the findings from meta-analyses of priming experiments. Continuing with this trend, Shanks & Vadillo [6] critiqued our meta-analysis of goal priming experiments in organizational psychology [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, two field experiments on goal priming were conducted [20]. 1 We thank Dana Joseph for the analysis of our data. 'These methods ( psychometric meta-analyses) correct not only for sampling error (an unsystematic artifact) but also for other systematic artifacts, such as measurement error, range restriction or enhancement, dichotomization of measures, and so forth' [17, p. 339].…”

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confidence: 99%

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An updated meta-analysis of the primed goal-organizational behaviour relationship

2023

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Environmental cues (e.g. achievement-related words and pictures) can prime/activate, in the absence of awareness, a mental representation of importance stored in memory. Chen et al .'s 2021 Applied Psychology: An International Review 70 , 216–253. ( doi:10.1111/apps.12239 ) meta-analysis revealed a moderate, significant overall effect for the goal priming-organizational behaviour relationship, with three moderators identified: context-specific versus a general prime, prime modality (i.e. visual versus linguistic) and experimental setting (field versus laboratory). An independent researcher found that their finding was negligibly affected by a publication bias. Shanks & Vadillo (2021), Royal Society Open Science 8 , 210544. ( doi:10.1098/rsos.210544 ) (field: k = 13, N = 683, d = 0.64), questioned Chen et al .'s conclusion regarding the effect size found in field studies (field: k = 8, N = 357, d = 0.68). In this paper, we discussed Shanks & Vadillo's selection of additional field experiments that led to their conclusion of a publication bias. We updated Chen et al .'s meta-analysis to include relevant studies conducted since that study's publication. The present meta-analysis reproduced the original findings in Chen et al . (field: k = 11, N = 534, d = 0.67). The updated findings are consistent with: (i) laboratory findings, (ii) the findings obtained in field experiments on consciously set goals and (iii) goal setting theory (Latham & Locke, 2018 In Handbook of industrial, work & organizational Psychology , vol. 1 (eds D Ones, N Anderson, C Viswesvaran, H Sinangil), pp. 103–124).

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Publication bias casts doubt on implicit processing in inattentional blindness

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Unconscious integration: Current evidence for integrative processing under subliminal conditions

Unconscious integration: Current evidence for integrative processing under subliminal conditions

Publication bias in pharmacogenetics of statin-associated muscle symptoms, an umbrella review with a meta-epidemiological study

An updated meta-analysis of the primed goal-organizational behaviour relationship

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