Public Policy Actions Needed to Promote Physical Activity

Bellew, William; Bauman, Adrian; Martin, Brian W.; Bull, Fiona; Matsudo, Victor Keihan Rodrigues

doi:10.1007/s12170-011-0180-6

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Health promotion through exercise is now widely accepted, but the deleterious effects of physical inactivity have received less attention 7) . In 2012, The Lancet published a series on physical activity, emphasizing that physical inactivity is a serious global health concern 8) .…”

Section: The Worldwide Pandemic Of Physical Inactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From an evolutionary perspective, humans are born to run 20) , suggesting that a lack of physical activity is, in fact, an abnormality 21) . It would be attractive to be able to discover an exercise pill containing a molecule that can mimic the beneficial effects of exercise 22) ; however, it is also important and more realistic to understand the impacts and underlying mechanisms of physical inactivity on human health to further promote physical exercise 7,23) .…”

Section: The Worldwide Pandemic Of Physical Inactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deleterious effects of physical inactivity on the hippocampus: New insight into the increasing prevalence of stress-related depression

Nishijima

Kita

2015

JPFSM

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Populations worldwide are increasingly becoming physically inactive, which is related to somatic and psychological health problems that are prevalent in modern society. Recent epidemiological studies have indicated that the associations between physical inactivity and depression are bidirectional. Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that exercise improves hippocampal function. Because the hippocampus is a pivotal brain region that exerts inhibitory control over stress responses by affecting the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, enhanced hippocampal function by exercise can increase stress resilience, which helps prevent stress-related depression. In contrast, physical inactivity is difficult to model in animal studies, and little is known about the effects of physical inactivity on the rodent hippocampus. To fill this gap, we previously developed a mouse model of habituated voluntary wheel running cessation as a reverse intervention to control physical activity. We found that reducing physical activity by cessation of wheel running impairs hippocampal neurogenesis in mice. Thus, this review discusses the relevant literature and provides a hypothesis that physical inactivity can be a potential risk factor for stress-related depression as it increases stress vulnerability by impairing hippocampal function.

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Section: The Worldwide Pandemic Of Physical Inactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Worldwide Pandemic Of Physical Inactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Deleterious effects of physical inactivity on the hippocampus: New insight into the increasing prevalence of stress-related depression

Nishijima

Kita

2015

JPFSM

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“…Evidências oriundas de fatores demográficos, por exemplo, auxiliam a identificar subgrupos que precisam de uma intervenção mais urgente ou intensiva, ao passo que questões psicossociais permitem identificar potenciais mediadores para serem utilizados nas intervenções 12 . A elucidação dessas questões auxilia no aprimoramento de intervenções em saúde públi-ca 13 , em especial aquelas que utilizam o Modelo Transteorético para avaliar e acompanhar mudanças de comportamento para AF, dado o fato de que intervenções podem afetar toda a população desde o nível escolar ao nível nacional 14 , por um longo período de tempo 12 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estágios de mudança de comportamento para atividade física em adolescentes: revisão sistemática

Silva

Silva²

2015

Rev Bras Ativ Fís Saúde

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ResumoIdentificar a intenção do indivíduo em adotar um novo comportamento é uma importante estratégia para melhor compreensão do comportamento relacionado à atividade física. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre os estudos que investigaram estimativas e/ou fatores associados aos estágios de mudança de comportamento para atividade física (EMC), baseados no Modelo Transteorético, em adolescentes. A busca foi realizada em cinco bases de dados (Medline/Pubmed, Sports Discus, Lilacs, PsycInfo e Google Acadêmico), com termos correspondentes aos estágios de mudança de comportamento, atividade física e adolescente (15 a 19 anos de idade), incluindo artigos publicados de 2003 a 2013. Dos 22 estudos analisados, verificou-se que grande parte deles não utilizaram amostras randomizadas (64,0%) e representativas (59,0%) da população de estudo, e analisaram os EMC de forma agrupada (50,0%). Observou-se maior prevalência de adolescentes no estágio de manutenção, com valores variando de 26,9% a 54,9%, e o estágio com menor prevalência foi o de pré-contemplação (de 0% a 20%). Nas moças, a prevalência diminuiu conforme o avançar nos estágios e observou-se situação oposta entre os rapazes. Houve associação negativa entre EMC com estado nutricional e percepção de barreiras. Foi encontrada associação positiva entre EMC com prática de atividade física, auto-eficácia, suporte social, percepção de benefícios e balança decisional. Os resultados sugerem diferenças entre sexos para os EMC e associações positivas substanciais entre variáveis psicossociais, de prática de atividade física e EMC em adolescentes. PalavRas-chave

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“…For example, data gathered by the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics [21] indicate that sedentary lifestyles have remained virtually unchanged in the last 10 years. In addition, frequent calls for new policies in the area of PI underline the chronic nature of the policy problem [39]. As a result, much existing literature seems to support policy options that work to reduce PI rather than to eliminate it entirely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical inactivity as a policy problem: applying a concept from policy analysis to a public health issue

Rütten

Abu‐Omar

Gelius

et al. 2013

Health Res Policy Sys

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Despite the recent rapid development of policies to counteract physical inactivity (PI), only a small number of systematic analyses on the evolution of these policies exists. In this article we analyze how PI, as a public health issue, “translates” into a policy-making issue. First, we discuss why PI has become an increasingly important public health issue during the last two decades. We then follow Guy Peters and conceptualize PI as a “policy problem” that has the potential to be linked to policy instruments and policy impact. Analysis indicates that PI is a policy problem that i) is chronic in nature; ii) involves a high degree of political complexity; iii) can be disaggregated into smaller scales; iv) is addressed through interventions that can be difficult to “sell” to the public when their benefits are not highly divisible; v) cannot be solved by government spending alone; vi) must be addressed through a broad scope of activities; and vii) involves interdependencies among both multiple sectors and levels of government.We conclude that the new perspective on PI proposed in this article might be useful and important for i) describing and mapping policies to counteract PI in different contexts; ii) evaluating whether or not existing policy instruments are appropriate to the policy problem of PI, and iii) explaining the factors and processes that underlie policy development and implementation. More research is warranted in all these areas. In particular, we propose to focus on comparative analyses of how the problem of PI is defined and tackled in different contexts, and on the identification of truly effective policy instruments that are designed to “solve” the PI policy problem.

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Public Policy Actions Needed to Promote Physical Activity

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Deleterious effects of physical inactivity on the hippocampus: New insight into the increasing prevalence of stress-related depression

Deleterious effects of physical inactivity on the hippocampus: New insight into the increasing prevalence of stress-related depression

Estágios de mudança de comportamento para atividade física em adolescentes: revisão sistemática

Physical inactivity as a policy problem: applying a concept from policy analysis to a public health issue

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