Public health aspects of volcanic hazards; Evaluation and prevention of excessive morbidity and mortality due to natural disasters

Bernstein, Robert S.; Buist, A. Sonia

doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1984.tb00844.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In addition to the direct health impacts resulting in mortality and morbidity, 1 2 3 they also have indirect health impacts due to deterioration of health resources and social capital, leading to ill health 2 and increased health inequality. 4 5 According to the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), more than 216 million people worldwide were affected by natural disasters each year between 2003 and 2012. The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) reported that the overall disaster-related economic losses were estimated between 250 billion and 300 billion USD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the National Burden of Disease and Vulnerable Population Associated with Natural Disasters in Korea: Heavy Precipitation and Typhoon

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDespite its growing significance, studies on the burden of disease associated with natural disasters from the perspective of public health were few. This study aimed at estimating the national burden of disease associated with typhoons and torrential rains in Korea.MethodsDuring the period of 2002–2012, 11 typhoons and five torrential rains were selected. Mortality and morbidities were defined as accentual death, injury and injury-related infection, and mental health. Their incidences were estimated from National Health Insurance Service. Case-crossover design was used to define the disaster-related excess mortality and morbidity. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were directly assessed from excess mortality and morbidity.ResultsThe burden of disease from typhoons increased with the intensity, with 107.7, 30.6, and 36.6 DALYs per 100,000 per event for strong, moderate, and weak typhoons, respectively. Burden of disease from torrential rains were 56.9, 52.8, and 26.4 DALYs per 100,000 per event for strong, moderate, and weak episodes, respectively. Mental disorders contributed more years lived with disability (YLDs) than did injuries in most cases, but the injury-induced YLDs associated with strong typhoon and torrential rain were higher than those of lower-intensity. The elderly was the most vulnerable to most types of disaster and storm intensities, and males younger than 65 years were more vulnerable to a strong torrential rain event.ConclusionThe intensity of torrential rain or typhoon was the strongest determinant of the burden of disease from natural disasters in Korea. Population vulnerable may vary depending on the nature and strength of the disasters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the National Burden of Disease and Vulnerable Population Associated with Natural Disasters in Korea: Heavy Precipitation and Typhoon

et al. 2018

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“…Klima je tako|er pod utjecajem vulkanskih aktivnosti (12,13 (15). Nakon vulkanske erupcije mogu se razviti akutni i/ili kroni~ni simptomi i bolesti, a utvr|en je odnos "doza-odgovor", pri ~emu se u~inci mogu kretati sve do smrtnog ishoda, posebno pri o{te}enju di{nog sustava.…”

Section: Promjena Klimeunclassified

“…Osobe koje `ive i rade u podru~ju vulkanskih erupcija imaju brojne zdravstvene te{ko}e kao posljedice negativnih u~inka (5,15). Posebnom riziku izlo`eni su radnici koji rade u geotermalnim elektranama, geolozi i osobe uklju~ene u vulkanski turizam ili snimanja dokumentarnih filmova.…”

Section: Specifi~ni U~inci U Uvjetima Profesionalne I/ili Neprofesionunclassified

Effects of Volcanic Eruptions on Environment and Health

Zuśkin

Mustajbegović

Jelinić

et al. 2007

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Volcanoes pose a threat to almost half a billion people; today there are approximately 500 active volcanoes on Earth, and every year there are 10 to 40 volcanic eruptions. Volcanic eruptions produce hazardous effects for the environment, climate, and the health of the exposed persons, and are associated with the deterioration of social and economic conditions. Along with magma and steam (H2O), the following gases surface in the environment: carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), carbon sulphide (CS), carbon disulfide (CS2), hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), hydrogen fluoride (HF), hydrogen bromide (HBr) and various organic compounds, as well as heavy metals (mercury, lead, gold).Their unfavourable effects depend on the distance from a volcano, on magma viscosity, and on gas concentrations. The hazards closer to the volcano include pyroclastic flows, flows of mud, gases and steam, earthquakes, blasts of air, and tsunamis. Among the hazards in distant areas are the effects of toxic volcanic ashes and problems of the respiratory system, eyes and skin, as well as psychological effects, injuries, transport and communication problems, waste disposal and water supplies issues, collapse of buildings and power outage. Further effects are the deterioration of water quality, fewer periods of rain, crop damages, and the destruction of vegetation. During volcanic eruptions and their immediate aftermath, increased respiratory system morbidity has been observed as well as mortality among those affected by volcanic eruptions. Unfavourable health effects could partly be prevented by timely application of safety measures.

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