Public Health Approaches to Obesity and Its Management

Brownell, K.

doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.7.1.521

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…For example, Carels et al found that delivering a more intensive intervention to those failing to meet specific weight loss goals at week 12 was not effective (13), whereas one delivered at week 6 was successful (16). Moreover, Jakicic et al (15) used a "stepped care" intervention model (13,15,16,21,22) and offered participants who lost <5% at Month 3 (46% of sample) an additional 10-minute telephone contact monthly. This intervention only "rescued" 8% of these participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of early weight loss thresholds for identifying nonresponders to an intensive lifestyle intervention

Unick

Hogan

Neiberg

et al. 2014

Obesity

102

116

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Weight losses in lifestyle interventions are variable, yet prediction of long-term success is difficult. Objective We examined the utility of using various weight loss thresholds in the first 2 months of treatment for predicting 1-year outcomes. Design and Methods Participants included 2327 adults with type 2 diabetes (BMI:35.8±6.0) randomized to the intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) of the Look AHEAD trial. ILI included weekly behavioral sessions designed to increase physical activity and reduce caloric intake. 1-month, 2-month, and 1-year weight changes were calculated. Results Participants failing to achieve a ≥2% weight loss at Month 1 were 5.6 (95% CI:4.5,7.0) times more likely to also not achieve a ≥10% weight loss at Year 1, compared to those losing ≥2% initially. These odds were increased to 11.6 (95% CI:8.6,15.6) when using a 3% weight loss threshold at Month 2. Only 15.2% and 8.2% of individuals failing to achieve the ≥2% and ≥3% thresholds at Months 1 and 2 respectively, go on to achieve a ≥10% weight loss at Year 1. Conclusions Given the association between initial and 1-year weight loss, the first few months of treatment may be an opportune time to identify those who are unsuccessful and utilize rescue efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of early weight loss thresholds for identifying nonresponders to an intensive lifestyle intervention

Unick

Hogan

Neiberg

et al. 2014

Obesity

102

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This procedure is consistent with. other research using the 85th percentile as a cutoff for the identification of obesity (NIH, 1985) and with estimates that a minimum of 15% of adult Americans are obese (Brownell, 1986). However, these cutoffs are less than the values of 26.9 for females and 27.2 for males suggested as "the minimum level of obesity that results in increased health risks" (Price, Sorenson, & Stunkard, 1989).…”

Section: Subjects' Love Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Love Seen as Different for the Obese?¹

Harris¹

1990

J Applied Social Pyschol

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In order to assess how actual obesity and stereotypes of obesity affect perceptions of love, 222 college students completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning their experiences with love, including the Love Attitudes Scale (LAS) of Hendrick and Hendrick (1986). They then saw a photograph of a male or female who appeared fat or normal weight and responded to an identical questionnaire as they thought the pictured person would. Subjects' obesity was unrelated to dating or marital experience, self‐esteem, or LAS subscales. However, fatter stimulus persons were judged to be less attractive, lower in self‐esteem, less likely to be dating, less Erotic, less Ludic, and more Manic on the LAS, and to deserve a fatter, uglier love partner. Gender differences were similar to those found in previous studies, with gender stereotypes generally reflecting an exaggeration of actual sex differences. These findings were consistent with the theory that obese people are stereotyped as having fewer resources to contribute to a relationship.

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“…Most health care professionals agree that dietary behaviors are particularly resistant to modification (Brownell, 1986). Evidence indicates that many factors, induding knowledge and education, have little impact on compliance with health care regimes in the elderly (Sands & Holman, 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

Improving Dietary Practices of Elderly Individuals: The Power of Prompting, Feedback, and Social Reinforcement

Stock

Milan

1993

J of App Behav Analysis

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Three intervention packages consisting of (a) enhanced prompts, feedback, and social reinforcement; (b) a lottery; and (c) serving as a confederate were added and removed in sequence as adjacent conditions in an extended withdrawal design to assess their effects on the dietary choices of elderly persons. Participants were 3 elderly residents of an independent living facility who were identified as making consistently poor dietary choices and who had medical conditions that necessitated changes in their eating habits. All 3 participants demonstrated a marked increase in healthy choices of food items in response to the package of enhanced prompts, feedback, and social reinforcement. No additional increase occurred with the introduction of the lottery and serving as a confederate. Food-choice data indicated that most of these improvements could be attributed to healthier entree and dessert choices. Group data for all residents suggested small improvements in dietary practices during the three intervention conditions, with the largest proportion of the group's healthy choices occurring when the lottery was added to enhanced prompts, feedback, and social reinforcement. Food-choice data indicated that most of these improvements could be attributed to healthier dessert choices alone.

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Public Health Approaches to Obesity and Its Management

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluation of early weight loss thresholds for identifying nonresponders to an intensive lifestyle intervention

Evaluation of early weight loss thresholds for identifying nonresponders to an intensive lifestyle intervention

Is Love Seen as Different for the Obese?¹

Improving Dietary Practices of Elderly Individuals: The Power of Prompting, Feedback, and Social Reinforcement

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Public Health Approaches to Obesity and Its Management

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluation of early weight loss thresholds for identifying nonresponders to an intensive lifestyle intervention

Evaluation of early weight loss thresholds for identifying nonresponders to an intensive lifestyle intervention

Is Love Seen as Different for the Obese?1

Improving Dietary Practices of Elderly Individuals: The Power of Prompting, Feedback, and Social Reinforcement

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Is Love Seen as Different for the Obese?¹