PTH Reloaded: A New Evolutionary Perspective

Suárez-Bregua, Paula; Cal, Laura; Cañestro, Cristian; Rotllant, Josep

doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00776

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Multiple PTH receptors in different phyla of vertebrates are known to be the consequence of multiple gene duplications and losses [7,8]. Likewise, the ligand PTH also has undergone gene duplication and losses in vertebrates [9]. The PTH receptor lineage is traceable to before the time of the deuterostome-protostome split in the basal Bilateria [10][11][12], but there are no obvious homologous PTH ligands in the basal protostome lineages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new neuropeptide insect parathyroid hormone iPTH in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum

et al. 2020

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In the postgenomics era, comparative genomics have advanced the understanding of evolutionary processes of neuropeptidergic signaling systems. The evolutionary origin of many neuropeptidergic signaling systems can be traced date back to early metazoan evolution based on the conserved sequences. Insect parathyroid hormone receptor (iPTHR) was previously described as an ortholog of vertebrate PTHR that has a well-known function in controlling bone remodeling. However, there was no sequence homologous to PTH sequence in insect genomes, leaving the iPTHR as an orphan receptor. Here, we identified the authentic ligand insect PTH (iPTH) for the iPTHR. The taxonomic distribution of iPTHR, which is lacking in Diptera and Lepidoptera, provided a lead for identifying the authentic ligand. We found that a previously described orphan ligand known as PXXXamide (where X is any amino acid) described in the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis has a similar taxonomic distribution pattern as iPTHR. Tests of this peptide, iPTH, in functional reporter assays confirmed the interaction of the ligand-receptor pair. Study of a model beetle, Tribolium castaneum, was used to investigate the function of the iPTH signaling system by RNA interference followed by RNA sequencing and phenotyping. The results suggested that the iPTH system is likely involved in the regulation of cuticle formation that culminates with a phenotype of defects in wing exoskeleton maturation at the time of adult eclosion. Moreover, RNAi of iPTHRs also led to significant reductions in egg numbers and hatching rates after parental RNAi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new neuropeptide insect parathyroid hormone iPTH in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum

et al. 2020

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“…Parathyroid hormone acts as regulator of hydroxylapatite formation for bone mineralisation and plays a key role in the homeostasis of Ca and P (Suarez‐Bregua, Cal, Cañestro, & Rotllant, ) by increasing serum Ca concentration and renal P excretion (Forrester & Moreland, ). It has been demonstrated that dietary P restriction not only prevents secondary hyperparathyroidism independent of serum iCa and 1,25‐(OH) 2 D 3 but also prevents parathyroid cell growth (Slatopolsky et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low phosphorus intake on serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity and parathyroid hormone in growing dogs

Kiefer-Hecker

Bauer

Dobenecker

2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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A sufficient and balanced supply of calcium and phosphorus is important mainly for the skeletal health of dogs, especially during growth. Numerous reports and research results are quoted, which focus mainly on the effects of both deficient or excessive calcium supplies. The important role that phosphorus plays in the disruption to skeletal development is also explored. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of a low phosphorus supply on selected serum parameters of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in both medium and large breed growing dogs, alongside the effects on the apparent digestibility and retention of these minerals as well as the musculoskeletal development, which were published before. Beagle and Foxhound-crossbred puppies (n = 53) between the age of 6 and 24 weeks were either fed a balanced (control) or a low phosphorus diet, the latter one providing about one-third of P amount fed to the control group. In regular intervals, blood samples were obtained to measure serum levels of phosphorus, calcium, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Functional Additive Mixed Models were used to analyse these serum concentrations per group and per diet. In the puppies being fed the low phosphorus diet, a distinct decline of serum phosphate concentration was detected with a more pronounced and prolonged effect in the smaller Beagles. At the same time, serum calcium concentration altered in the opposite direction, implying that the product of calcium multiplied by phosphorus was regulated more closely than the calcium to phosphorus ratio. The PTH concentrations were reduced and ALP activity increased at certain time points during the low phosphorus feeding compared to the puppies being fed the control diet. In the latter group, an effect of time or maturation could be demonstrated in relation to the serum phosphate concentration.

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“…We found neurons expressing tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues (TIP39) in the same location (Dobolyi et al, 2003b) (Figure 3B). TIP39 belongs to the parathyroid hormone family of peptides, which is most abundantly expressed in the brain and is not known to play any role in calcium homeostasis as other members of the peptide family (Suarez-Bregua et al, 2017). Based on previous topographical characterization of the part of the brain expressing TIP39 (Ledoux et al, 1987), we called the position of TIP39 neurons in the medial subdivision of the posterior intralaminar complex of the thalamus (PIL) (Dobolyi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Prolactin Released In the Postpartum Period In Response To Suckling In Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective

et al. 2020

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The hypothalamo-pituitary system developed in early vertebrates. Prolactin is an ancient vertebrate hormone released from the pituitary that exerts particularly diverse functions. The purpose of the review is to take a comparative approach in the description of prolactin, its secretion from pituitary lactotrophs, and hormonal functions. Since the reproductive and osmoregulatory roles of prolactin are best established in a variety of species, these functions are the primary subjects of discussion. Different types of prolactin and prolactin receptors developed during vertebrate evolution, which will be described in this review. The signal transduction of prolactin receptors is well conserved among vertebrates enabling us to describe the whole subphylum. Then, the review focuses on the regulation of prolactin release in mammals as we have the most knowledge on this class of vertebrates. Prolactin secretion in response to different reproductive stimuli, such as estrogen-induced release, mating, pregnancy and suckling is detailed. Reproduction in birds is different from that in mammals in several aspects. Prolactin is released during incubation in avian species whose regulation and functional significance are discussed. Little information is available on prolactin in reptiles and amphibians; therefore, they are mentioned only in specific cases to explain certain evolutionary aspects. In turn, the osmoregulatory function of prolactin is well established in fish. The different types of pituitary prolactin in fish play particularly important roles in the adaptation of eutherian species to fresh water environments. To achieve this function, prolactin is released from lactotrophs in hyposmolarity, as they are directly osmosensitive in fish. In turn, the released prolactin acts on branchial epithelia, especially ionocytes of the gill to retain salt and excrete water. This review will highlight the points where comparative data give new ideas or suggest new approaches for investigation in other taxa.

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PTH Reloaded: A New Evolutionary Perspective

Cited by 20 publications

References 58 publications

A new neuropeptide insect parathyroid hormone iPTH in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum

A new neuropeptide insect parathyroid hormone iPTH in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum

Effects of low phosphorus intake on serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity and parathyroid hormone in growing dogs

Secretion and Function of Pituitary Prolactin in Evolutionary Perspective

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