Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Antolini, Ermete

doi:10.3390/en10010042

Cited by 66 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(176 reference statements)

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“…Direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) have been increasingly attractive due to their applications for portable electric devices [1]. Low-molecular weight alcohol fuels such as methanol and ethanol are liquid at normal temperature, in contrast to hydrogen, making them easy to store and transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Oxidation Reaction on Tandem Pt/Rh/SnOx Catalyst

et al. 2017

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Abstract:To elucidate the atomic arrangement of a Pt-Rh-Sn ternary catalyst with a high catalytic activity for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) and high CO 2 selectivity, we prepared a tandem Pt/Rh/SnO x , in which a Rh adlayer was deposited on a Pt substrate (Rh coverage: 0.28), followed by depositing several layers of SnO x only on the Rh surface (Sn coverage: 0.07). For reference, Sn was randomly deposited on the Rh-modified Pt (Pt/Rh) electrode whose Rh and Sn coverages were 0.22 and 0.36 (random Pt/Rh/SnO x ). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated that Pt and Rh were metallic, and Sn was largely oxidized. Both Pt/Rh/SnO x electrodes were less positive in onset potential of EOR current density and higher in EOR current density than Pt and Rh/Pt electrodes. In situ infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy demonstrated that the tandem Pt/Rh/SnO x electrode did not produce acetic acid, but produced CO 2 in contrast to the random Pt/Rh/SnO x , suggesting that a tandem arrangement of Pt, Rh and SnO x , in which the Pt and SnO x sites were separated by the Rh sites, was effective for selective CO 2 production. In the electrostatic electrolysis at 0.5 V vs. RHE, the tandem Pt/Rh/SnO x electrode exhibited higher EOR current density than the Pt and Pt/Rh electrodes after 1.5 h.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Oxidation Reaction on Tandem Pt/Rh/SnOx Catalyst

et al. 2017

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“…In current scenario nanotechnology has garnered a great deal of commercial, environmental and engineering applications. With the help of nanoscale metal electro-catalysts providing large catalytic surface area, the durability, efficiency and cost of the process of biofuel generation can be improved [28,29]. A range of nanomaterials derived from noble metals, metal oxides and carbon composites can potentially function as an excellent substitute to the enzyme-catalysts to advance the performance of biofuel cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass based bio-electro fuel cells based on carbon electrodes: an alternative source of renewable energy

Pandey

2019

SN Appl. Sci.

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The increasing concerns for sustainable economy and alarming environmental health are making researchers to pay serious attention to bio-fuels that too primarily synthesized from the biomass. An energy transforming machine extracting energy directly from biomass would be an idyllic condition. Regrettably, devices using sustainable energy resource have shown to have low output, not meeting the demands of practical appliances. Serious efforts are being dedicated to research on the prospects of bio-fuel powered fuel cells as green energy exchange tool. To comprehend this, scientists are working on the production and expansion biological fuel cell (BFC) which are electro-chemical devices utilizing electro-active bacteria for producing electricity through oxidation. The materials used for electrodes in BFCs, should have conductivity, porosity, biocompatibility, low in cost and recyclability. The materials tested for BFCs are principally metalbased, carbon-based or purposely built advanced materials. The research efforts over the last decade have positioned macro-porous and composite of carbon-based nanostructures with controllable surface and electronic characteristics to be used as a support-matrix for metallic electro catalysts or as proficient non-metallic electro catalysts in BFCs. This review article discusses about the present challenges and future prospects in the field of current progresses in the field of carbon based catalysis system for biomass based microbial fuel cells which extract energy from biomass resources either directly or indirectly.

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“…In order to improve the electrocatalytic activity of platinum for the oxidation of organic molecules and to decrease the poisoning, other metals are added to platinum-based catalysts. For example, we found studies investigating the insertion of different metals such as Sn, Ru, Ni, Mo, Rh, Ga, Ti, Bi, Ir and W, among others, researched as co-catalysts to improve the properties of Pt-based catalysts [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalysts of PtSn/C Modified with Ru and Ta for Electrooxidation of Ethanol

Queiroz

Ribeiro

2019

Catalysts

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PtSn/C-type catalysts modified with Ta and Ru were prepared by the thermal decomposition of polymeric precursors with the following nominal compositions: Pt70Sn10Ta20/C, Pt70Sn10Ta15Ru5/C, Pt70Sn10Ta10Ru10/C and Pt70Sn10Ta5Ru15/C. The physicochemical characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The electrochemical characterization was performed using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and fuel cell testing. PtSnTaRu/C catalysts were characterized in the absence and presence of ethanol in an acidic medium (H2SO4 0.5 mol L−1). All the catalysts showed activity for the oxidation of ethanol. The results indicated that the addition of Ta increased the stability and performance of the catalysts, as the Pt70Sn10Ta20/C catalyst had the maximum power density of 27.3 mW cm−2 in an acidic medium. The results showed that the PtSn/C-type catalysts modified with Ta and Ru showed good performance against alcohol oxidation, representingan alternative to the use of direct ethanol fuel cells.

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Pt-Ni and Pt-M-Ni (M = Ru, Sn) Anode Catalysts for Low-Temperature Acidic Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells: A Review

Cited by 66 publications

References 86 publications

Ethanol Oxidation Reaction on Tandem Pt/Rh/SnOx Catalyst

Ethanol Oxidation Reaction on Tandem Pt/Rh/SnOx Catalyst

Biomass based bio-electro fuel cells based on carbon electrodes: an alternative source of renewable energy

Catalysts of PtSn/C Modified with Ru and Ta for Electrooxidation of Ethanol

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