Catalysts of PtSn/C Modified with Ru and Ta for Electrooxidation of Ethanol

Queiroz, Maria Aparecida Ribeiro; Ribeiro, Josimar

doi:10.3390/catal9030277

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Pd, PdRu and PdRuMo/C catalysts were synthesized by using the thermal decomposition method starting from their polymeric precursors [34]. Pd(NO 3 ) 2 •2H 2 O (99% pure), RuCl 3 •6H 2 0 (99% pure) and MoCl 5 (95% pure), all acquired from Sigma-Aldrich, were mixed in a solution of anhydrous citric acid (CA) (PA grade; Sigma-Aldrich) and ethylene glycol (EG) (99% pure Sigma-Aldrich) at a 1:4:16 molar ratio (1 metal salts, 4 CA, and 16 EG) and then added to previously treated Carbon Vulcan XC72 (Carbot).…”

Section: Catalyst Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

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Cruz

Pedicini

et al. 2021

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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Physical and electrochemical properties of Pd catalysts combined with Ru and Mo on carbon support were investigated. To this end, Pd, Pd1.3Ru1.0, Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0 and Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0 were synthesized on Carbon Vulcan XC72 support by the method of thermal decomposition of polymeric precursors and then physically and electrochemically characterized. The highest reaction yields are obtained for Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0/C and Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C and, as demonstrated by thermal analysis, they also show the smallest metal/carbon ratio compared the other catalysts. XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and Raman analyses show the presence of PdO and RuO2 for the Pd/C and the Pd1.3Ru1.0/C catalysts, respectively, a fact not observed for the Pd3.2Ru1.3 Mo1.0 /C and the Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C catalysts. The catalytic activities were tested for the ethanol oxidation in alkaline medium. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) shows Pd1.3Ru1.0/C exhibiting the highest peak of current density, followed by Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0/C, Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C and Pd/C. From, chronoamperometry (CA), it is possible to observe the lowest rate of poisoning for the Pd1.3Ru1.0/C, followed by Pd3.2Ru1.3Mo1.0/C, Pd1.5Ru0.8Mo1.0/C and Pd/C. These results suggested that catalytic activity of the binary and the ternary catalysts are improved in comparison with Pd/C. The presence of RuO2 activated the bifunctional mechanism and improved the catalytic activity in the Pd1.3Ru1.0/C catalyst. The addition of Mo in the catalysts enhanced the catalytic activity by the intrinsic mechanism, suggesting a synergistic effect between metals. In summary, we suggest that it is possible to synthesize ternary PdRuMo catalysts supported on Carbon Vulcan XC72, resulting in materials with lower poisoning rates and lower costs than Pd/C. Graphic abstract

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Section: Catalyst Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

Filho

Cruz

Pedicini

et al. 2021

Mater Renew Sustain Energy

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“…The results show that there was no signi cant change in the morphological characteristic among different samples. Therefore, the different electrochemical performance toward ethanol oxidation reaction can be assigned to metal support interaction [41] Thus the presence of the Multilayer Graphene (MLG) sheets was prepared from natural and thermal expanded graphite enhance the ethanol oxidation reaction. Homogenous dispersion of nanoparticles ensures more availability of reaction sites and hence higher performer of the electrocatalyst.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-graphene hybrid supporting platinum–tin electrocatalyst to enhance ethanol oxidation reaction

Bastos,

Gelamo,

Colmati

2023

J Appl Electrochem

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Direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) is promising source for mobile and portable applications, but the electrocatalysts are based on metal noble alloys or doping elements to minimize the incomplete ethanol oxidation and poisoning effect. While the main problem persists, this study describes the enhancement of ethanol oxidation reaction by adding graphene (G) to Vulcan XC-72R carbon black (C) metal support, with different C/G ratios. The Graphene were prepared from exfoliated graphite following dry in cool plasma under vacuum. The 60 wt% graphene hybrid support enhances the current density at 5% cyclic voltammetry (CV) and 127% chronoamperometry (CA) higher than carbon pure support in acid electrolyte. Whereas in alkaline, graphene (60 wt%) showed the highest electrochemical activity with an increase of current 82% (CV) and 130% (CA). Therefore, we demonstrated the enhancement of the catalyst electrochemical activity in both electrolytes through a simple synthesis method. The 40 wt% carbon and 60 wt% graphene hybrid support achieving higher performance in ethanol oxidation, evidencing a potential application in DEFC. HighlightsCarbon-Graphene as hybrid supporting improve Pt 3 Sn electrocatalysts toward ethanol oxidation reaction.Different amount Carbon-Graphene as hybrid supporting modify electrocatalytic activity of the Pt 3 Sn. Different carbon allotropes supporting electrocatalytic enhanced the ethanol oxidation reaction.

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“…Then, specific precursor mixtures were prepared to attain a theoretical molar ratio in the final catalyst corresponding to Pd 100 /C (termed Pd/C), Ag 100 /C (termed Ag/C), Pd 80 Ag 20 /C, and Pd 60 Ag 40 /C. Note that calculations were conducted considering that the C vulcan will correspond to 60% of the final mass [23,50], and the remaining 40% will correspond to the metals (Pd and Ag). The required mass of each metal was calculated from their respective molar fractions using Equation ( 12):…”

Section: Electrocatalysts Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PdAg/C Electrocatalysts Synthesized by Thermal Decomposition of Polymeric Precursors Improve Catalytic Activity for Ethanol Oxidation Reaction

et al. 2022

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An efficient ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) is required to enhance energy production in alcohol-based fuel cells. The use of bimetallic catalysts promises decreasing reliance on platinum group metal (PGM) electrocatalysts by minimizing the use of these expensive materials in the overall electrocatalyst composition. In this article, an alternative method of bimetallic electrocatalyst synthesis based on the use of polymeric precursors is explored. PdAg/C electrocatalysts were synthesized by thermal decomposition of polymeric precursors and used as the anode electrocatalyst for EOR. Different compositions, including pristine Pd/C and Ag/C, as well as bimetallic Pd80Ag20/C, and Pd60Ag40/C electrocatalysts, were evaluated. Synthesized catalysts were characterized, and electrochemical activity evaluated. X-ray diffraction showed a notable change at diffraction peak values for Pd80Ag20/C and Pd60Ag40/C electrocatalysts, suggesting alloying (solid solution) and smaller crystallite sizes for Pd60Ag40/C. In a thermogravimetric analysis, the electrocatalyst Pd60Ag40/C presented changes in the profile of the curves compared to the other electrocatalysts. In the cyclic voltammetry results for EOR in alkaline medium, Pd60Ag40/C presented a more negative onset potential, a higher current density at the oxidation peak, and a larger electrically active area. Chronoamperometry tests indicated a lower poisoning rate for Pd60Ag40/C, a fact also observed in the CO-stripping voltammetry analysis due to its low onset potential. As the best performing electrocatalyst, Pd60Ag40/C has a lower mass of Pd (a noble and expensive metal) in its composition. It can be inferred that this bimetallic composition can contribute to decreasing the amount of Pd required while increasing the fuel cell performance and expected life. PdAg-type electrocatalysts can provide an economically feasible alternative to pure PGM-electrocatalysts for use as the anode in EOR in fuel cells.

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Catalysts of PtSn/C Modified with Ru and Ta for Electrooxidation of Ethanol

Cited by 9 publications

References 56 publications

Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

Development of palladium catalysts modified by ruthenium and molybdenum as anode in direct ethanol fuel cell

Carbon-graphene hybrid supporting platinum–tin electrocatalyst to enhance ethanol oxidation reaction

PdAg/C Electrocatalysts Synthesized by Thermal Decomposition of Polymeric Precursors Improve Catalytic Activity for Ethanol Oxidation Reaction

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