Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S)

Barrios, Iván Domingo González; Ríos-González, Carlos Miguel; O’Higgins, Marcelo; González, Israel; Garcia, Oswaldo; Diáz, Noelia Ruíz; Castaldelli-Maia, João Maurício; Ventriglio, Antonio; Torales, Júlio

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-33345/v1

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Moderate correlations with depression ( r =0.42) and anxiety ( r =0.51) were reported. Validation studies were performed with samples from Russia and Belarus [ 66 ], Italy [ 67 ], Bangladesh [ 68 ], Turkey [ 69 ], Saudi Arabia [ 70 ], Israel [ 71 ], India [ 72 ], Greece [ 73 ], the United States [ 74 ], Spain [ 75 ], Japan [ 76 ], Cuba [ 77 ], and Mexico [ 78 ]. Overall, the FCV-19S has shown robust psychometric properties across validation studies; the findings predominantly support a unidimensional factor structure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Parents: Psychometric Comparison of Four Different Inventories

Kubb¹,

Foran²

2020

JMIR Ment Health

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Background The COVID-19 outbreak and the measures to contain the global pandemic can have an impact on the well-being and mental health status of individuals. Parents of young children are particularly at risk for high levels of parental stress due to the current public health crisis, which can impact parenting behaviors and children’s well-being. Although different initial scales have been developed to measure COVID-19–related anxiety, they have not yet been tested sufficiently in parent samples. A brief measure of COVID-19–related anxiety is necessary for both quick assessment in practice and in larger epidemiological studies of parents. Objective The purpose of this study is to compare the distributions, validities, and reliabilities of four different COVID-19 anxiety scales: Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Pandemic Anxiety Scale, and one subscale of the COVID Stress Scales. Based on the psychometric properties of these scales, we aim to provide recommendations for a brief unidimensional inventory to assess COVID-19–related anxiety among parents. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey of 515 German-speaking parents (465 mothers, 90.3%) with at least one child aged 0-6 years was conducted during a 6-week period (June 29 to August 9, 2020). Half of the parents were recruited via Facebook parenting groups, while the other half were recruited through childcare centers. We psychometrically tested 25 items on COVID-19–related anxiety using the framework of classical test theory, including item analysis, correlational analysis of family variables, and exploratory factor analysis. Moreover, an item response theory approach was applied to estimate item discriminations and item difficulties. Results Based on the psychometric properties, three items of the Pandemic Anxiety Scale were identified as a single unidimensional factor. The adapted scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α=.79), moderate to high item discrimination, strong positive intercorrelation with two other COVID-19 anxiety scales, and a small positive association with parenting stress. Mothers and fathers did not differ in total scores (t 513 =−0.79, P =.42). Conclusions Factor analysis suggests that existing COVID-19–related anxiety scales measure different latent constructs of anxiety. Furthermore, all scales showed only small to moderate correlations with trait health anxiety, suggesting that COVID-19–related anxiety is distinct from general health anxiety. The adapted “disease anxiety” subscale of the Pandemic Anxiety Scale is an economical measure for assessing COVID-19–related anxiety in parents. Directions for future research are outlined.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Parents: Psychometric Comparison of Four Different Inventories

Kubb¹,

Foran²

2020

JMIR Ment Health

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“…Given the severe global threat and impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has produced on different aspects of human survival, health, well-being, and development, Ahorsu et al (2020) designed a scale to measure the fear of this pathogen based on the existing scientific literature: the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). This scale has been used in a wide range of countries, such as Iran ( Alyami et al, 2020 ), Bangladesh ( Sakib et al, 2020 ), Italy ( Soraci et al, 2020 ), Turkey ( Satici et al, 2020 ), Russia and Belarus ( Reznik et al, 2020 ), Israel ( Tzur Bitan et al, 2020 ), Peru ( Huarcaya-Victoria et al, 2020 ), and Paraguay ( Barrios et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fear of COVID-19, Stress, and Anxiety in University Undergraduate Students: A Predictive Model for Depression

et al. 2020

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Depression is a disabling illness which increases the risk of suicide. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a rise in fear, anxiety, stress, and depression among the population: of these, university undergraduates from countries severely affected by COVID-19 are some of the most vulnerable of all, as they face strict lockdown measures and have fewer resources to cope with it. The aim of this study was to analyze the levels of fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, and depression during lockdown among undergraduates from Ecuador, and to test these possible predictors of depression using a model taken from our study of the scientific literature. A total of 640 undergraduates (72% women) between 18 and 47 years old (M = 21.69; S.D = 4.093) were surveyed. The resulting mean levels found for stress, anxiety, and depression were above levels considered non-pathological. Women showed higher levels of fear of COVID-19 than men. The statistical prediction for depression showed a good fit. This depression could be related: both directly and positively by fear of COVID-19 and stress, and indirectly, as a result of these two factors, positively mediated by anxiety. Our study concludes by highlighting the important role that the complex relationships between fear, stress, and anxiety can play in the development of depression symptoms and how they can be taken into account in programs aimed at preventing and alleviating this disorder. We propose some general measures for reducing fear of COVID-19 and stress and suggest that specific programs be designed to control and overcome anxiety among undergraduates.

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“…Initially, the instrument consisted of 10 items that, after their psychometric study, eventually resulted in a one-dimensional scale structure composed of seven items and which has adequate psychometric properties [ 15 ]. Following its publication, FCV-19 has been validated in different countries, such as Italy [ 16 ], the United States [ 17 ], Turkey [ 18 ], Paraguay [ 19 ], Poland [ 20 ], or Saudi Arabia [ 21 ]. In Spain, Martínez-Lorca et al [ 22 ] have studied its psychometric properties, also determining the existence of a one-dimensional structure and pointing out the reliability of this instrument, albeit in a sample of 606 university students from the Autonomous Community of Castilla la Mancha, maintaining the seven items.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Fear and Anxiety of COVID-19 Assessment Tool in Spanish Adult Population

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study was to develop a specific scale to measure anxiety and fear levels in the general Spanish population. For this, a transcultural adaptation to Spanish of the fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) scale, in its original version of 10 items, was carried out. Then, the Anxiety and Fear of COVID-19 Assessment Scale (AMICO, for its acronym in Spanish) was designed by translating the tool and Delphi technique into three rounds. Ten experts participated voluntarily, and inter-observer match rates and the reliability study of the designed scale were calculated. A pilot study was carried out with the final version of the scale for the validity and reliability study. The instrument did not raise problems in semantic and cultural terms during the first and second rounds of the translation process, with an overall weighted Kappa value of 0.9. In the third round, eight new items were designed and consensual, obtaining a weighted overall value of 0.89. The pilot study sample was made up of 445 subjects, of which 60.3% were women with a mean age of 46.2 years. The final version consisted of 16 items, 2 factors, and a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.92. The AMICO scale was developed to assess the level of anxiety and fear of COVID-19 and proved to be valid and reliable for its use in the adult Spanish population.

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Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S)

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Measuring COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Parents: Psychometric Comparison of Four Different Inventories

Measuring COVID-19 Related Anxiety in Parents: Psychometric Comparison of Four Different Inventories

Fear of COVID-19, Stress, and Anxiety in University Undergraduate Students: A Predictive Model for Depression

Design of Fear and Anxiety of COVID-19 Assessment Tool in Spanish Adult Population

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