Psychometric evaluation of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised among Iranian Nurses

Abstract

The Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale-Revised demonstrated suitable validity and reliability among nurses. The factor analysis also revealed that the Moral Distress Scale-Revised has a multidimensional structure. Regarding the proper psychometric characteristics, the validated scale can be used to further research about moral distress in this population.

Mediating role of psychological well‐being in the relationship between organizational support and nurses’ outcomes: A cross‐sectional study

“…In compliance with the Shiite Islam, Iran became one of the extreme cases of mixing religion and state (Wright, 2010). In the process of Islamization of the country, the healthcare system was modified by adopting Islamic principles (Soleimani, Pahlevan Sharif, Yaghoobzadeh, & Panarello, 2016). For example, nurses were obliged to deliver gender appropriate care that is compatible with Islamic laws (Shahriari, Mohammadi, Abbaszadeh, Bahrami, & Fooladi, 2012).…”

“…For example, nurses were obliged to deliver gender appropriate care that is compatible with Islamic laws (Shahriari, Mohammadi, Abbaszadeh, Bahrami, & Fooladi, 2012). In addition, since the revolution, this developing country has faced unique challenges in managing healthcare needs that had a significant impact on its healthcare system (Soleimani et al, 2016). Iran-Iraq war, which lasted 8 years and various sanctions by the United States and the United Nations over the past four decades are among them.…”

“…Although the sanctions did not target pharmaceuticals and medical equipment, their effect was exerted in indirect ways. For example, due to the sanctions on banking and international payment systems, currency transaction and transportation, Iran experienced shortage of drugs for more than thirty serious and life‐threatening diseases (Dehghan, , Radio Free Europe ; Soleimani et al., ). Moreover, major pharmaceutical companies declined to sell any raw material and medical equipment (e.g.…”

“…Furthermore, the working relationship between nurses and physicians in Iran is influenced by a rigid hierarchy of authority so that nurses are seen as doctors’ subordinates in both the eyes of the public and in a professional context. Also, as most are women and most of the physicians are men, in the patriarchal culture of Iran, physicians view nurses as handmaidens and expect nurses to just follow their decisions (Shorideh et al., ; Soleimani et al., ).…”

Moral Sensitivity in Nurses Providing Care to Psychiatric Patients: A cross-sectional study

“…It may result in problematic consequences for nurses, patients and the overall health system. A morally distressed nurse experiences anger, guilt (18), sorrow, frustration and anxiety, which can generate dissatisfaction and burnout and even lead to leaving the profession (19,20).…”