Psychometric analysis of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21: results from a large diverse sample of obese and non-obese participants

Cappelleri, Joseph C.; Bushmakin, AG; Gerber, Robert A.; Leidy, NK; Sexton, Chris C.; Lowe, Michael R.; Karlsson, Jan

doi:10.1038/ijo.2009.74

Cited by 364 publications

(363 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In normal weight groups, the association is often positive, 38,39,42,43 whereas within obese populations higher restraint is usually associated with lower weight. [42][43][44][45] It may be that in normal weight populations restraint is acting as a marker for overeating tendencies, whereas in obese populations the overeating tendency is nearly ubiquitous, and in this group restraint will distinguish between those whose tendency to overeat is tempered by restraint and those who do not attempt to control their eating. Restraint then, may attenuate the effects of adverse appetitive traits on weight gain in obese populations.…”

Section: Widely Used Methods Of Measuring Dietary Restraint Confound mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior

2011

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Self-control is generally viewed as highly desirable. In the eating behavior domain, however, the dominance of restraint theory has made the proposition that individuals should attempt to control their eating more controversial. This review discusses evidence from the dietary restraint literature and from studies of self-regulation processes to examine how far self-imposed control around food can be seen as beneficial for effective weight management. Epidemiological and field study evidence provides little support for the proposition that restrained eating causes disinhibited eating patterns. Restraint is often initiated as a response to weight gain, and the co-occurrence of disinhibited and restrained eating patterns on an individual level might better be explained by restraint acting as a marker for overeating tendencies. A sustained effort to monitor and control food intake characterizes successful long-term weight maintenance, suggesting that self-regulation in the eating domain is essential for those with a tendency to gain weight. Evidence from the literature on cognitive self-regulation suggests that there may be potential for people to learn to self-regulate better, both through training and controlled exposure techniques. Integration of the disparate theories of self-regulation is needed to identify the best ways of promoting self-regulation in order to support effective weight control, both in clinical and community settings.

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Section: Widely Used Methods Of Measuring Dietary Restraint Confound mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior

2011

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“…As questões de 1 a 16 apresentavam quatro alternativas para marcação pelo participante, com pontuação de 1 a 4, sendo 4 pontos para a primeira alternativa e 1 ponto para a última alternativa. Para as questões de 17 a 20, a pontuação deu-se ao contrário, sendo 1 ponto para a primeira alternativa e 4 pontos para a última alternativa e, para a questão 21, a qual apresentava uma escala de 8 pontos, quantificou-se conforme: alternativas 1 e 2 com pontuação 1, alternativas 3 e 4 com pontuação 2, alternativas 5 e 6 com pontuação 3 e alternativas 7 e 8 com pontuação 4 [20]. A quantificação foi calculada pelas pesquisadoras, após o participante ter selecionado as alternativas no questionário.…”

Section: /7unclassified

Fatores de risco para recidiva de peso no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgia bariátrica

Bardal

Ceccatto

Mezzomo

2016

Sci Med

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Este artigo está licenciado sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional, que permite uso irrestrito, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, desde que a publicação original seja corretamente citada. ) e Alimentação Emocional associada à Restrição Cognitiva em 4 (8,69%) dos entrevistados. A recidiva de peso ocorreu em 18 (39%) dos indivíduos, a partir principalmente dos 12 meses após a cirurgia. Observou-se que a renda familiar mensal superior a 4000 reais e a frequência a consultas com nutricionista inferior a três vezes no pré-operatório estiveram associadas a maior chance de recidiva de peso. Conclusões: Nessa amostra, a baixa assiduidade às consultas nutricionais no pré-operatório, bem como a renda familiar elevada foram fatores de risco para recidiva de peso no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgia bariátrica. DESCRITORES: cirurgia bariátrica; obesidade; programas de nutrição. ABSTRACT Aims:To evaluate risk factors for weight regain in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: Cross-sectional study using self-administered online questionnaire. The questionnaire asked about factors that can be associated with weight regain after bariatric surgery. Weight, height, sex, age, education, income, and nutrition appointment attendance before and after surgery were registered. Body mass index, weight loss, and loss of excess weight in the immediate postoperative period and at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively, as well as at the time of completing the questionnaire, were evaluated. Weight regain was evaluated according to the lowest weight achieved since surgery. The Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-21 was used to classify eating behavior into Emotional Eating, Cognitive Dietary Restraint, or Uncontrolled Eating. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 46 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery, with a mean age of 38±8.78 years and a median of three postoperative years. Forty-three (93.5%) patients were female. The mean loss of excess weight and current weight loss were 78.56±16.12% and 35.24±8.19%, respectively. The current body mass index was 27.35±3.98 kg/m 2 . Emotional eating was observed in 18 (39.13%), cognitive restraint in 24 (52.17%), and emotional eating associated with cognitive restraint in 4 (8.69%) of the respondents. Eighteen individuals (39%) regained weight, especially after 12 months. A monthly family income greater than 4000 Brazilian Reals and nutrition appointments fewer than three in the preoperative period were associated with a larger probability of weight regain. Conclusions: In this sample, low nutrition appointment attendance in the preoperative period and a high family income were risk factors for weight regain in the late postoperative period of bariatric surgery.

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“…The summary score is the average of the sub-scales, with higher scores equating unhealthier behaviors. The revised 21-item Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21), which was developed specifically for obese persons, measured cognitive and behavioral eating components in three areas: cognitive restraint (6 items, score range 6-24), uncontrolled eating (9 items, score range 9-36), and emotional eating (6 items, score range 6-24) [17]. Each item is measured on a 4-point response scale that ranges from mostly false to mostly true and sub-scales are summed.…”

Section: Pilot Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translation of the diabetes prevention program lifestyle intervention for promoting postpartum weight loss among low-income women

Rosal¹,

Lemon²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2011

Behav. Med. Pract. Policy Res.

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The Women Infants and Children (WIC) program is a promising venue in which to implement weight loss interventions for low-income postpartum women. The goals of this study were to describe formative steps to translate the DPP lifestyle intervention to be delivered to diverse low-income postpartum women who are served by the WIC program, and to present the results of a pilot trial of the intervention. The steps of intervention translation involved were the following: (1) building partnerships, (2) understanding the target setting, (3) understanding the target population, (4) re-designing the intervention, and (5) refining the intervention. The pilot trial was a single group pre/post test comparison among 27 overweight/obese postpartum WIC clients. The intervention resulted in an average weight loss of 4.6lb at a 4-month follow-up (p=0.004). A dose-response association between intervention attendance and weight loss was observed. This translation of the DPP for diverse low-income postpartum women has potential for widespread implementation. KEYWORDS Weight loss, Health disparities, Intervention, Translational researchThe postpartum period is a critical time for targeting weight loss, as on average, women retain approximately 3 kg per pregnancy over the life course [1]. Low SES and minority women are at greatest risk of postpartum weight retention, and these populations also experience significant weight gain after the first few postpartum weeks [2]. The Women Infants and Children (WIC) program is a promising setting in which to implement evidence-based weight loss interventions for low SES women. WIC is a federaland state-funded program with a mission to promote health of low-income women, infants, and children up to age 5 who are at nutritional risk. WIC serves approximately 18 million individuals a year via 9,000 clinics across the country. The program does not systematically provide weight loss services per se, but addressing weight loss among its participants is within the mission of WIC.Only a few interventions have aimed to promote postpartum weight loss among WIC clients and have had minimal or no success [2][3][4]. These interventions have not used or translated existing evidence-based programs or strategies [5,6] (i.e., limited focus on creating an energy deficit; nonsystematic use of self-monitoring, goal-setting and problem-solving, and limited hands-on opportunities and support to develop healthy cooking skills and physical activity behaviors). In addition, studies reported poor attendance and high attrition rates.Despite the promise of efficacious weight loss interventions such as the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Lifestyle Intervention [5,7], to date only a few studies have demonstrated a positive effect of using the DPP intervention in real world settings and populations [8]. There are sizeable barriers to widespread implementation and dissemination of efficacious weight loss interventions like the DPP to real world settings and populations, such as WIC clinics and the low SES postpartum ...

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Psychometric analysis of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21: results from a large diverse sample of obese and non-obese participants

Cited by 364 publications

References 35 publications

Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior

Dietary restraint and self-regulation in eating behavior

Fatores de risco para recidiva de peso no pós-operatório tardio de cirurgia bariátrica

Translation of the diabetes prevention program lifestyle intervention for promoting postpartum weight loss among low-income women

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