Psychology of Computer Use: XLVI. Age-Related Differences in the Mapping of Auditory Icons to Visual Icons in Computer Interfaces for Children

Jacko, Julie A.; Rosenthal, David J.

doi:10.2466/pms.1997.84.3c.1223

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Concerning the sounds, the human and animal voices were liked much better than traffic noise, which agree with the results from previous research (Shimai et al, 1993). Jacko and Rosenthal's (1997) study showed that some traffic sounds might be difficult to recognize for children. In this study, recognition was never tested, because in TRAFFIC JAM, all the sounds are closely connected with the corresponding pictures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…From their studies of children's ability to identify auditory icons in computer interfaces, Jacko and Rosenthal (1997) concluded that most 7-and 9-year-olds could identify correctly animal sounds such as birds chirping and dogs barking. A car ignition was also identified fairly easily, whereas cars passing seemed to be more difficult to recognize.…”

Section: Illustrating Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Traffic Jam: Psychological Assessment of a Gaming Simulation

Johansson¹,

Köller²

2002

Simulation & Gaming

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This article describes intermediate stages in the development of TRAFFIC JAM, a computerized gaming simulation for children and adolescents. TRAFFIC JAMfocuses on the environmental and health impact of various means of transport, such as walking, biking, and going by bus or private car. It is being developed within the field of environmental psychology as a tool for promoting attitudes related to proenvironmental choice of transportation. So far, the program has been assessed in three empirical studies. In the first study, the background pictures were validated by means of semantic environmental description. Study 2 aimed to evaluate the hero figures in terms of Küller’s basic emotional process, and in Study 3, players’ emotional reactions to the first version of TRAFFIC JAMwere studied with both quantitative and qualitative methods. The important question of attitudinal change is not discussed in the article.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Illustrating Environmental Impactmentioning

confidence: 98%

Traffic Jam: Psychological Assessment of a Gaming Simulation

Johansson¹,

Köller²

2002

Simulation & Gaming

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“…In searching the literature, there are many examples of how auditory perception takes on this environment-orientated role. For example, from a young age we are able to correctly match everyday sounds to their everyday seen objects (see [25]). In adult listeners, reports and categorizations become more detailed still, with the materials, actions and the tasks that sounds are involved in all being recognized and reported [26][27][28].…”

Section: Sounds In the Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bringing Sounds into Use: Thinking of Sounds as Materials and a Sketch of Auditory Affordances

Steenson¹,

Rodger²

2015

TOPSYJ

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Abstract:We live in a richly structured auditory environment. From the sounds of cars charging towards us on the street to the sounds of music filling a dancehall, sounds like these are generally seen as being instances of things we hear but can also be understood as opportunities for action. In some circumstances, the sound of a car approaching towards us can provide critical information for the avoidance of harm. In the context of a concert venue, sociocultural practices like music can equally afford coordinated activities of movement, such as dancing or music making. Despite how evident the behavioral effects of sound are in our everyday experience, they have been sparsely accounted for within the field of psychology. Instead, most theories of auditory perception have been more concerned with understanding how sounds are passively processed and represented and how they convey information of the world, neglecting than how this information can be used for anything. Here, we argue against these previous rationalizations, suggesting instead that information is instantiated through use and, therefore, is an emergent effect of a perceiver's interaction with their environment. Drawing on theory from psychology, philosophy and anthropology, we contend that by thinking of sounds as materials, theorists and researchers alike can get to grips with the vast array of auditory affordances that we purposefully bring into use when interacting with the environment.Keywords: Affordances, auditory perception, dance, ecological psychology, music, sensorimotor coordination. TAKING SOUNDS OUT OF THE HEADUnderstanding the perception of sound and how we interact with auditory information is not an easy task. It is difficult to conceive an objective way of explaining auditory experiences when our perceptions of sound and our intentions surrounding these perceptions, by definition, are subjective mental phenomena. This distinction between the objective and the subjective, the mental and physical, is a problem that has dogged psychology generally over its short lifespan. Different approaches have been developed to explain these dichotomies, which have left far reaching implications on how researchers have approached more specialist areas, such as auditory perception. The dominant approaches to psychology, such as cognitive-and information processing-based approaches, explain auditory perception as the transformation of objective input (energy stimulating receptors) into subjective output (declarative descriptions of, or, responses to received input). This process of input-cognitionoutput, we argue, falls short of adequately accounting for the phenomenology of our experiences with the auditory environment.In this paper, we instead propose an alternative view to auditory perception that can account for the various creative ways we can meaningfully use and interact with sounds. Drawing on ideas from ecological psychology, this approach takes a different form of discourse to conventional cognitive *Address correspondence to this author at ...

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“…Experimental research has shown that even young children find it relatively easy to match sounds to an appropriate event in just one trial (Jacko & Rosenthal , 1997). By contrast, the acoustic properties of the sound in a symbolic mapping bear no resemblance to the event it signals-such an association must be learned through contiguous exposure.…”

Section: Learning Sound-event Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracting Meaning from Sound: Nomic Mappings, Everyday Listening, and Perceiving Object Size from Frequency

Coward

Stevens

2004

Psychol Rec

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In developing a theoretical framework for the field of ecological acoustics, Gaver (1993b) distinguished between the experience of musical listening (perceiving sounds) and everyday listening (perceiving sources of sounds). Within the everyday listening experience, Gaver (1993a) proposed that the frequency of an object results from, and therefore specifies, the size of that object. The relation in which frequency and object size stand to one another is an example of a nomic mapping. A symbolic mapping involves the pairing of unrelated dimensions and, relative to a nomic mapping, requires an additional step in recognition and learning. Using a perceptual identification task, an experiment investigated the hypothesis that nomic mappings are identified more easily than symbolic mappings. It was predicted that the advantage manifests only during the everyday listening experience, and that the initially superior recognition of nomic mappings is equaled by symbolic mappings after extended exposure. The results provided support for the hypotheses. Theoretical implications of the differential recognition of nomic and symbolic mappings are discussed, together with practical applications of nomic relations.While speech and music perception have received considerable attention in experimental psychology (Deutsch, 1999;Jusczyk, 1997), relatively little is known about the way in which humans perceive other environmental sounds. Recent research in ecological acoustics has focused on the way in which a sound may contain meaningful information for the listener (e.g

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Psychology of Computer Use: XLVI. Age-Related Differences in the Mapping of Auditory Icons to Visual Icons in Computer Interfaces for Children

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Traffic Jam: Psychological Assessment of a Gaming Simulation

Traffic Jam: Psychological Assessment of a Gaming Simulation

Bringing Sounds into Use: Thinking of Sounds as Materials and a Sketch of Auditory Affordances

Extracting Meaning from Sound: Nomic Mappings, Everyday Listening, and Perceiving Object Size from Frequency

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