Psychological Response of Children to Shootings and Hostage Situations

Rozensky, Ronald H.; Sloan, Ira H.; Schwarz, Eitan D.; Kowalski, Janice M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-4766-9_8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Our data suggest that posttraumatic stress symptoms in children do not dissipate over time. This is consistent with work by Rozensky et al (1993) indicating that exposure to severe violence is associated with unremitting symptoms, and work by Desivilya et al (1996) who reported that adolescent victims of terrorism showed posttraumatic stress symptoms 17 years later. The increase in posttraumatic stress symptoms over the 10-year interval observed in our sample of participants is difficult to interpret because a number of unmeasured factors could account for the increase.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Gulf war‐related trauma and psychological distress of Kuwaiti children and their mothers

Hadi¹,

Llabre²,

Spitzer³

2006

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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The participants were 111 Kuwaiti boys and girls and 59 mothers assessed in 1993 and 2003 to determine exposure to war-related trauma during the Iraqi occupation and subsequent psychological distress. Children were classified into four groups based on what happened to their fathers during the occupation: killed, missing, arrested, or unharmed. The results indicate that the group whose fathers were arrested had the highest level of posttraumatic stress symptoms and the highest level of depression and anxiety in 2003. In 1993, the highest levels of depression for children and their mothers were observed in those whose fathers-husbands were killed or missing relative to controls. Long-term effects of war-related trauma in children may be influenced by the war experience of their fathers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Gulf war‐related trauma and psychological distress of Kuwaiti children and their mothers

Hadi¹,

Llabre²,

Spitzer³

2006

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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“…Exposure to severe violence and terrorism may have long-lasting psychological consequences (Dyregrov, Gjestad, & Raundalen, 2002; Rozensky, Sloan, Schwarz, & Kowalski, 1993). In addition, children with persistent symptoms after trauma are those who initially report the highest distress (Kuterovac-Jagodic, 2003).…”

Section: Model Of Exposure To War-traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress in Young Adults Exposed to War-Related Trauma in Childhood

Llabre

Hadi

Greca

et al. 2013

Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology

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Objective We tested a conceptual model of the effect of war-trauma exposure in childhood on psychological distress in young adulthood. Method Participants included 151 urban Kuwaiti children (51% female; M age = 10.62 years) exposed to the 1990-1991 Gulf crisis (assessed in 1993); participants also included 140 parents (81% female; M age mothers = 36.50 years; M age fathers = 41 years). In 2003, 120 participants were reassessed as young adults (50% female; M age = 21.19 years). Results The conceptual model was evaluated with structural equations. War-trauma exposure was associated with psychological distress in children and parents, but parents reported larger effects than children. Parents’ psychological distress did not contribute to children’s psychological distress. Children’s psychological distress did not dissipate over time. Social support may function as a potential mediator of the effect of war-trauma exposure on psychological distress. Conclusions Findings support the importance of early detection and treatment of children exposed to war-trauma. Findings also implicate social support as a factor to consider in clinical interventions for children exposed to war-trauma.

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“…Severe violent injury has been a factor in the persistence of symptoms (Rozensky, Sloan, Schwarz, & Kowalski, 1993). For example, injured adolescents held by terrorists in their classrooms continued to exhibit symptoms 17 years after the event (Desivilya, Gal, & Ayalon, 1996).…”

Section: Risk and Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shootings, hostage takings, and children.

Nader¹,

Mello²

2002

Helping Children Cope With Disasters and Terrorism.

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Multiple incidents of violence against youths occur yearly. In addition, dramatic instances of mass violence toward youths have changed over the past 2 decades. In the 1970s and 1980s, highly publicized shootings and hostage takings of children in the United States were most often committed by intruding adults (e.g., the Chowchilla school bus kidnapping; armed attacks on elementary schools in Chicago, Los Angeles, and Stockton, California, and on a fast-food restaurant in San Ysidro, California; a hostage taking and suicide in Orange, California; and a hostage bomber in Wyoming). In the 1990s, highly publicized events were more often committed by students shooting other students (e.g.,

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Psychological Response of Children to Shootings and Hostage Situations

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Gulf war‐related trauma and psychological distress of Kuwaiti children and their mothers

Gulf war‐related trauma and psychological distress of Kuwaiti children and their mothers

Psychological Distress in Young Adults Exposed to War-Related Trauma in Childhood

Shootings, hostage takings, and children.

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