Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines

Tee, Michael L.; Tee, Cherica A.; Anlacan, Joseph P.; Aligam, Katrina Joy G.; Reyes, Patrick Wincy C.; Kuruchittham, Vipat; Ho, Roger

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.043

Cited by 497 publications

(582 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although studies have suggested that experiencing a severe infectious disease epidemic increases the prevalence of mental health issues, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] it is difficult to find relevant literature or empirical studies that explore quarantine hotel employees faced with the challenge of psychological resilience. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the mental health status and psychological impact on quarantine hotel employees during the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each subscale contains seven items, and is scored using a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (did not apply to me at all) to 3 (much or mostly applied to me). The depression subscale consists of questions 3, 5, 10, 13, 16, 17 and 21, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no depression (0-9), mild depression (10-13), moderate depression (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), severe depression (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), and extremely severe depression (28 and above). The anxiety subscale consists of questions 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 19, and 20, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no anxiety (0-7), mild anxiety (8)(9), moderate anxiety (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), severe anxiety (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and extremely severe anxiety (20 and above).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The anxiety subscale consists of questions 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, 19, and 20, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no anxiety (0-7), mild anxiety (8)(9), moderate anxiety (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), severe anxiety (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), and extremely severe anxiety (20 and above). The stress subscale consists of questions 1, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14 and 18, and the score ranges are as follows: normal/no stress (0-14), mild stress (15)(16)(17)(18), moderate stress (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25), severe stress (26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33), and extremely severe stress (34 and above). Example items include "I couldn't seem to experience any positive feeling at all" (depression), "I was aware of dryness of my mouth" (anxiety), and "I found it hard to wind down" (stress).…”

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confidence: 99%

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<p>Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 on Quarantine Hotel Employees in China</p>

Teng¹,

Wu²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

RMHP

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a far-reaching and unprecedented influence on economies worldwide. It has also impacted on the global population's mental health and caused negative psychosocial effects, which may lead to psychological crises. During the pandemic, the challenges for quarantine hotel employees are not only the increased workloads created by operating a quarantine hotel but also high psychological stress associated with job insecurity, risk of exposure and contagion for themselves, their friends and families. This research attempts to explore COVID-19-related depression, anxiety, and stress among quarantine hotel employees in China. The mental health of quarantine hotel employees, who have faced unprecedented changes, is paramount while they provide hospitality and care for healthcare workers and quarantine guests during mandatory quarantine periods. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that applied convenience sampling to collect questionnaire samples from 170 quarantine hotel employees in Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, during the COVID-19 pandemic, from May 20 to June 10, 2020. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to collect data. The study uses descriptive analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The results reveal that 43.5% of respondents report moderate to extremely severe symptoms of depression; 68.2% have moderate to extremely severe anxiety symptoms; and 8.2% indicated moderate to extremely severe stress symptoms. Quarantine hotel employees who have a higher level of education are less likely to experience anxiety, and those with higher incomes are less likely to experience depression. Discussion: In order to mitigate the increasing levels of anxiety and depression among their staff, quarantine hoteliers or managers urgently need to implement mental health assistance programs, such as providing extra training in hygiene and knowledge about COVID-19, offering online counseling and psychological support services, training in positive thinking, encouraging staff to keep in touch with their personal support networks, and constructing a resilience model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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<p>Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 on Quarantine Hotel Employees in China</p>

Teng¹,

Wu²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

RMHP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Mental health is 1 out of 10 most studied topic pertaining to COVID-19 (Tran et al, 2020). Internationally, plethora of studies have explored the impact of COVID-19 on mental health among different populations and found significant psychological distress driven by the pandemic (Dang et al, 2020;Tee et al, 2020;Wang, Pan, et al, 2020a;Xiong et al, 2020). Several papers from China have reported that the general public have experienced a great deal of anxiety, depression, an increased consumption of alcohol, and sleep problems (Ahmed et al, 2020;Qiu et al, 2020, Wang, Chudzicka-Czupala, et al, 2020Xiao et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of psychological distress among the public in Oman amid coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a cross-sectional analytical study

Sinawi

Balushi

Al-Mahrouqi

et al. 2020

Psychology, Health & Medicine

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global, virulent pandemic disease that emerged in December 2019, with both short-and longterm psychological repercussions being inevitable. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of psychological distress, defined by the presence of either depression or anxiety, among the public in Oman during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a web-based, cross-sectional study conducted using governmental and private institutional e-mail systems and social media platforms. Anxiety and depression were assessed using both the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent predictors. There were a total of 1538 participants in this study (75% female). The prevalence of psychological distress was 30%. Being female, having financial instability, being treated for mental illness and self-medication for coping with stress were independent predictors of psychological distress among the study sample (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.69, confidence interval [CI] = 1.24-2.29; OR = 2.05, CI = 1.54-2.74; OR = 5.35, CI = 3.50-8.18; OR = 7.23, CI = 3.06-17.09, respectively). The results from this study will help public health officials in Oman to plan for and mitigate psychological repercussions of the current and future pandemics.

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“…But the ratio of participants experience anxiety using CPAS-11 is higher than the 13.84% identified as experiencing severe anxiety using GAD-7, which has been used to measure anxiety of Filipinos during the COVID-19 pandemic in at least one previous study (Bernardo & Mendoza, 2020). The ratio is also higher than the 11.07% of the respondents experienced severe to extremely severe anxiety using the anxiety subscale of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21;Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) in another study (Tee et al, 2020) involving a Filipino sample. One might infer that the CPAS-11 is picking up Filipino participants' anxiety symptoms that were not being screened by more general measures of anxiety like GAD-7 or DASS-21.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Coronavirus Pandemic Anxiety Scale (CPAS-11): development and initial validation

et al. 2020

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The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will increase as the outbreak continues and persist even after the pandemic passes. We developed an 11-item Coronavirus Pandemic Anxiety Scale (CPAS-11) to measure symptoms of anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic to help identify individuals who might need mental health services. In developing the scale items, we considered previous research and theory on anxiety symptoms and symptoms reported by clinically referred cases in the Philippines. The scale was validated in a Filipino sample ( N = 925). Exploratory factor analysis indicated two factors corresponding to somatic and non-somatic symptoms; confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit for the two-factor model. CPAS-11 showed good internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and screening accuracy. A cutoff score of 15 showed adequate sensitivity and specificity to distinguish GAD-7 screened participants. The results support the viability of CPAS-11 as a screening tool to identify individuals experiencing COVID-19-related anxiety.

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Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines

Cited by 497 publications

References 23 publications

<p>Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 on Quarantine Hotel Employees in China</p>

<p>Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 on Quarantine Hotel Employees in China</p>

Predictors of psychological distress among the public in Oman amid coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a cross-sectional analytical study

Coronavirus Pandemic Anxiety Scale (CPAS-11): development and initial validation

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