Psychological capital and organisational citizenship behaviour in selected public hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Abstract

Orientation: The relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) is important to establish especially in the South African public hospitals where the quality of healthcare services have been reported to have deteriorated.Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological capital and organisational citizenship behaviour among nurses in the public hospitals.Motivation for the study: There is crisis in the public nursing sector as nurses are reported to be working under pressure as a result of increased workload and responsibilities beyond their scope of practice (in terms of doing the work that they are not trained for and more work than they can handle), in addition to rapidly changing work environments.Research approach, design and method: The present study follows a quantitative cross-sectional design using a questionnaire on a sample of 228 nurses from public hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.Main findings: The findings of the study confirm that psychological capital has a significant positive relationship with organisational citizenship behaviour.Practical/managerial implications: The study recommends management to recognise the area of OCB in the public hospitals and work in nurturing and retaining those nurses capable of displaying such behaviours.Contribution/value add: The study validates aspect of reciprocity of the Social exchange theory. Nurses with high levels of hope, self-efficacy, resilience and optimism showed reciprocity through the display of OCBs. The study also validates the aspect of job resources in eroding job demands from the Job demands resources model.

How Is Cultural Intelligence Related to Human Behavior?

“…This means that Psycap can be a vital asset for teachers to develop their OCB. These findings confirm scholarly studies in which PsyCap was found to be related to OCB ( Yildiz 2019 ; Chamisa et al 2020 ; Rodríguez-Cifuentes et al 2020 ; Da et al 2021 ). In reality, PsyCap indicators, such as self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience ( Luthans and Youssef-Morgan 2017 ), are essential antecedents for teachers to build altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, courtesy, and civic virtue ( Organ et al 2006 ).…”

“…To achieve this goal, using SEM analysis and research participants among teachers in Indonesia, we seek to confirm results from previous studies, which are used as the basis for building the research hypotheses of this study—namely the influence of cultural intelligence on interpersonal communication ( Bostan et al 2021 ), PsyCap ( Chen and Chen 2018 ), and OCB ( Shafieihassanabadi and Pourrashidi 2019 ). Then, we uncover the influence of interpersonal communication on OCB ( Nofia et al 2019 ; Syamsudin and Retnowati 2019 ) and the influence of PsyCap on OCB ( Chamisa et al 2020 ; Rodríguez-Cifuentes et al 2020 ; Da et al 2021 ). Finally, we hope to find the relationship between cultural intelligence and OCB, mediated by interpersonal communication and PsyCap, in order to build novel and relevant models from our research results.…”

“…In addition, other studies have reported that PsyCap, apart from being influenced by cultural intelligence, can also affect OCB (e.g., Kong et al 2018 ; Aderibigbe and Mjoli 2018 ; El-Zohiry and Abd-Elbaqy 2019 ; Nawaz and Abid 2019 ; Adillah et al 2019 ; Yildiz 2019 ; Chamisa et al 2020 ; Rodríguez-Cifuentes et al 2020 ; Da et al 2021 ). This confirms that an adequate PsyCap, reflected as self-efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience, can stimulate OCB, consisting of altruism, conscientiousness, sportsmanship, courtesy, and civic virtue ( Organ et al 2006 ).…”

Psychological Capital, Positive Affect, and Organizational Outcomes

“…P. Podsakoff, Whiting, Podsakoff, & Blume, 2009). Some positive associations have been found between PsyCap and AOC (Avey, Luthans, & Youssef, 2010;C¸etin, 2011;Lather & Kaur, 2015), and also between PsyCap and OCB (Chamisa, Mjoli, & Mhlanga, 2020;Norman, Avey, Nimnicht, & Graber Pigeon, 2010). Despite that dearth, research has begun to examine potential mediators of the PsyCap-outcomes relationships such as psychological empowerment (Avey, Hughes, Norman, & Luthans, 2008) and work engagement (Gupta et al, 2017).…”

Psychological Capital Impact on Extra Role Behaviour via Work Engagement: Evidence From the Pakistani Banking Sector

“…When employees were hopeful, confident, optimistic, and resilient, they would achieve more (Ribeiro et al, 2021). These positive personal resources would help in developing the organizational citizenship behaviour for organizations, as well as individuals (Chamisa et al, 2020).…”