Psychobiology of childhood maltreatment: effects of allostatic load?

Grassi‐Oliveira, Rodrigo; Ashy, Majed; Stein, Lílian Milnitsky

doi:10.1590/s1516-44462008000100012

Cited by 91 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…14,24 It is thought that early-life stress can have detrimental neurobiological effects, including disturbances in processes such as synaptic production and elimination (pruning) 25 and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulation. [26][27][28] It has also been suggested that early-life stress can cause inappropriate stimulation of neurotransmitters, neuroendocrine hormones and neurotrophins essential for normal brain development 29 and that it may lead to vulnerability for the development of MDD. 30 Since the hippocampus plays an essential role in emotion processing, behaviour and memory, 31 the ACC in emotion and cognitive function, 32 and the prefrontal cortex (frontopolar regions) in executive functions like decision-making, 33 structural changes to these regions can disrupt these functions and thus the psychological state of a person; therefore, it is implicit to study them in the context of MDD and childhood maltreatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of childhood maltreatment on brain structure in adult patients with major depressive disorder and healthy participants

Chaney

Carballedo

Amico

et al. 2014

J Psychiatry Neurosci

118

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of childhood maltreatment on brain structure in adult patients with major depressive disorder and healthy participants

Chaney

Carballedo

Amico

et al. 2014

J Psychiatry Neurosci

118

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“…From a neurodevelopmental perspective, these experiences carry the potential to cause disruptions and neurological scars because, in order to deal with highly stressful environments during development, individuals have to modify the psychological and neurological structure and function to adapt to these environments. The result of these disruptions and adaptations is what makes individuals more prone to developing certain types of psychopathology and symptoms 37 . Besides, these experiences generate intense stress reactions that, when repeated, lead individuals to become chronically stressed and overly vigilant, presenting an atypical cortisol regulation 35 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to physical and sexual violence and suicidal ideation among schoolchildren

Schäfer

Teixeira

Fontoura

et al. 2017

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the association between exposure to physical and sexual violence, and suicidal ideation in Brazilian Schoolchildren, accounting for confounding variables of religious practice, and problems with alcohol and other drugs. Methods: This study consists of a cross-sectional analytical approach of a larger school-based study conducted in 2012 in two medium-sized municipalities in south of Brazil. Participants were 3,547 students aging 12 to 17 years old who answered an assembled questionnaire. Descriptive and Logistic Regression analyses were conducted with suicide ideation outcome testing prediction models stratified by sex. Results: Suicide ideation prevalence in the sample was of 21.7%, and regression analysis indicated that girls and boys exposed to physical or sexual violence had 3.42 and 3.14 times more probability of referring suicidal ideation in the past 30 days. Adjusted analyses showed little interference of religious practice, while problems with alcohol and other drugs seemed to also explain suicidal ideation in the sample. Conclusion: We highlight the importance of future longitudinal studies to investigate the mechanisms through which exposure to physical or sexual abuse influence suicidal ideation among boys and girls, as well as mediation studies that could enlighten the role of drug and alcohol use in this relationship. RESUMOObjetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a associação entre exposição à violência física e sexual e ideação suicida em escolares brasileiros, controlando para variáveis relacionadas a prática religiosa e problemas com álcool e outras drogas. Métodos: Este estudo consiste de um recorte transversal de um estudo maior realizado em 2012 em dois municípios de médio porte no sul do Brasil. No total, 3.547 alunos de 12 a 17 anos responderam a um questionário desenvolvido para o estudo em questão. Análises descritivas e de regressão logística foram conduzidas testando modelos preditores de ideação suicida estratrificados por sexo. Resultados: A prevalência de ideação suicida na amostra foi de 21,7% e a análise de regressão indicou que meninas e meninos expostos à violência física ou sexual tinham 3,42 e 3,14 vezes mais probabilidade de referir ideação suicida nos últimos 30 dias. As análises ajustadas mostraram pouca interferência da prática religiosa, enquanto problemas com álcool e outras Violence exposure and suicidal ideation drogas também parecem explicar ideação suicida na amostra. Conclusão: Destacamos a importância de futuros estudos longitudinais para investigar os mecanismos por meio dos quais a exposição ao abuso físico ou sexual influencia a ideação suicida em meninos e meninas, bem como estudos de mediação que possam esclarecer o papel do uso de drogas e álcool nessa relação. Palavras-chaveIdeação suicida, comportamento adolescente, abuso infantil.

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“…The consequences of psychological stress exposure have been the focus of numerous studies (Galvan & Rahdar, 2013;Grassi-Oliveira, Ashy, & Stein, 2008;McEwen, 2012;Yehuda & Seckl, 2011). In addition, there is mounting evidence supporting that psychological stress might induce cognitive, emotional, and biological changes that resemble those elicited by physical stressors (Cirulli et al, 2009;Danese & McEwen, 2012;Dickerson & Kemeny, 2004).…”

Section: Traducción Y Adaptación Del Trier Social Stress Test Para Nimentioning

confidence: 99%

Translation and adaptation of the Trier social Stress Test for children into Portuguese language

et al. 2014

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Since the 1990s there have only been a few studies with human subjects that focused on the underlying mechanisms associated with acute psychological stress exposure and even less have been conducted with children. Based on the idea that it is possible to elicit and measure behavioral and physiological patterns in response to stressors in a short period of time, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), an experiment that consists of public speaking exposure and a mental arithmetic task, was developed. However, there is no Brazilian version of the TSST for children. The current study sought to translate and adapt the TSST protocol for children to the Brazilian Portuguese language. The fi nal version of the adapted protocol consists of a story regarding the public speaking phase, as well as instructions about each phase of the protocol, including the rapports and information concerning the pre-and the post-stages of the TSST for children. This work is building toward innovation in the Brazilian stress research fi eld. In addition, whereas research on stress also involves physiological and biological markers measurements, the TSST is also an innovative tool for multidisciplinary research.Keywords: Experimental psychology, children, physiological stress, psychological stress, anxiety, allostasis. Tradução e Adaptação do Trier Social Stress Test para Crianças para o Português ResumoAntes da década de 1990, poucos estudos com sujeitos humanos focaram-se nos mecanismos subjacentes associados à exposição ao estresse psicológico agudo e, ainda menos, foram conduzidos em amostras infantis. Baseando-se na ideia de que é possível eliciar e medir padrões comportamentais e fi siológicos em resposta a estressores em um curto período de tempo, o Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), um experimento que consiste na exposição à fala em público e a uma tarefa mental aritmética, foi desenvolvido. Todavia, não existe versão brasileira para o TSST aplicável a crianças. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou traduzir e adaptar para a língua portuguesa do Brasil o protocolo do TSST para crianças. A versão fi nal do protocolo adaptado consiste na história narrada na fase de fala em público, bem como em ins-1 Mailing address:

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Psychobiology of childhood maltreatment: effects of allostatic load?

Abstract: 4; mediana: 5,88

Cited by 91 publications

References 86 publications

Effect of childhood maltreatment on brain structure in adult patients with major depressive disorder and healthy participants

Effect of childhood maltreatment on brain structure in adult patients with major depressive disorder and healthy participants

Exposure to physical and sexual violence and suicidal ideation among schoolchildren

Translation and adaptation of the Trier social Stress Test for children into Portuguese language

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