Effect of childhood maltreatment on brain structure in adult patients with major depressive disorder and healthy participants

Chaney, Aisling M.; Carballedo, Angela; Amico, Francesco; Fagan, Andrew; Skokauskas, Norbert; Meaney, James; Frodl, Thomas

doi:10.1503/jpn.120208

Cited by 120 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Remarkably, this negative correlation remained significant even when accounting for group membership as a control variable in the whole-sample analysis, as it is also found in both groups separately. This is again well in line with previous reports demonstrating strong maltreatment effects on hippocampal volumes even if MDD patient status or life-time presence of affective disorders is accounted for (Chaney et al, 2014;Teicher et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…FSL-FIRST was shown to provide precise segmentations with high reliability for the hippocampus and has successfully been utilized in MDD studies (Lai and Wu, 2011;Nugent et al, 2012), and using FSL-FIRST allowed displaying not only overall volume information, but also localized differences in shape. Furthermore, we aimed to obtain gray matter information of the hippocampus by the use of VBM, as it represents one of most commonly used instruments in morphometric studies and is highly sensitive for detecting morphometric changes in depression (Bergouignan et al, 2009) and maltreatment alike (Chaney et al, 2014;Dannlowski et al, 2012). Both methods yielded widely identical results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small hippocampal volumes have been repeatedly detected in subjects affected by childhood maltreatment (Dannlowski et al, 2012;Teicher and Samson, 2013). There has been growing evidence regarding the genesis of these trauma-related changes in limbic structures to be independent from disease status, as they could be found in both healthy subjects and currently depressed patients suffering from MDD (Chaney et al, 2014;Edmiston et al, 2011;Frodl et al, 2010b;Vythilingam et al, 2002). Teicher et al (2012) showed that hippocampal shape alterations in subjects having experienced childhood maltreatment is not mediated by the presence or absence of life-time affective disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hippocampal Atrophy in Major Depression: a Function of Childhood Maltreatment Rather than Diagnosis?

Opel

Redlich

Zwanzger

et al. 2014

Neuropsychopharmacol

169

104

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Reduced hippocampal volumes are probably the most frequently reported structural neuroimaging finding associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it remains unclear whether altered hippocampal structure represents a risk factor for or a consequence of MDD. Reduced hippocampal volumes were consistently reported in subjects affected by childhood maltreatment. As the prevalence of childhood maltreatment is highly elevated in MDD populations, previous morphometric findings regarding hippocampal atrophy in MDD therefore might have been confounded by maltreatment experiences. The aim of this study was to differentiate the impact of childhood maltreatment from the influence of MDD diagnosis on hippocampal morphometry. Depressed patients (85) as well as 85 age-and sex-matched healthy controls underwent structural MRI. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was administered to estimate experiences of childhood maltreatment. Hippocampal volume and surface structure was examined by the use of two independent methods, automated segmentation (FSL-FIRST) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM8). In line with existing studies, MDD patients showed reduced hippocampal volumes, and childhood maltreatment was consistently associated with hippocampal volume loss in both, patients and healthy controls. However, no analysis revealed significant morphological differences between patients and controls if maltreatment experience was regressed out. Our results suggest that hippocampal alterations in MDD patients may at least partly be traced back to higher occurrence of early-life adverse experiences. Regarding the strong morphometric impact of childhood maltreatment and its distinctly elevated prevalence in MDD populations, this study provides an alternative explanation for frequently observed limbic structural abnormalities in depressed patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hippocampal Atrophy in Major Depression: a Function of Childhood Maltreatment Rather than Diagnosis?

Opel

Redlich

Zwanzger

et al. 2014

Neuropsychopharmacol

169

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…CM has been linked to reduced hippocampal volumes and growth (Chaney et al, 2014;Choi, Jeong, Rohan, Polcari, & Teicher, 2009;Dannlowski et al, 2012;Opel et al, 2015;M. H. Teicher, Anderson, & Polcari, 2012;, see for a meta-analysis (Paquola et al, 2016).…”

Section: Brain Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The complex neurobiology of resilient functioning after child maltreatment

Ioannidis¹,

Askelund²,

Kievit³

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Childhood Maltreatment (CM) has been associated with significant impairment of social, emotional and behavioural functioning in later life. Nevertheless, some individuals who have experienced CM seem to function better than expected. Here, we provide an integrated understanding of the complex interrelated mechanisms that facilitate such resilient functioning after CM. We show that resilient functioning after CM may be characterized by improved reward, emotion, and stress processing in MPFC and Limbic regions, lower cortisol and inflammatory responses, poly-genetic influences, and supportive environments. As these factors are inextricably intertwined, future resilience studies should investigate multiple levels of biological organization and their temporal dynamics. We further provide a method for such studies to appropriately quantify resilient functioning as functioning across multiple domains conditional on the severity of CM experiences. We hope that our perspective fuels further research in the complex neurobiological mechanisms that facilitate resilient functioning after CM.

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“…Although the lack of newly formed cells in the hippocampus was not causally involved in depression, as their absence does not trigger a depressive behavior, their loss has been shown to be causally involved in the ability of chronic antidepressants to achieve remission [139]. Clinical studies also showed volume reductions, hypothesized to be secondary to cell death and neurogenesis blockade, in the hippocampus of MDD patients [140][141][142], particularly in those who had experienced childhood maltreatment [143].…”

Section: Hippocampal Neurogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroadaptations of the 5-HT System Induced by Antidepressant Treatments: Old and New Strategies

Haddjeri¹

2014

AAD

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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common illness worldwide with severe socioeconomic consequences. Several hypotheses have been formulated to explain the physiopathology of depression as well as the mechanism of action of antidepressants but two of them had attracted much attention. The dominant monoaminergic hypothesis of depression links the physiopathology of MDD to a deficiency on cerebral serotonin (5-HT) and/or Norepinephrine (NE) levels; however, the relatively new neurogenic and neurotrophic hypothesis raises the possibility of an impaired neuroplasticity and/or depletion of neurotrophic factors in specific networks resulting on their structural deformity and functional impairment. An enormous body of evidence reported particular neuroadaptations following chronic administration of antidepressant drugs. In this review, we describe major adaptive changes in pre-and post-synaptic 5-HT neurotransmission as well as alterations in gene transcription and neurotrophic factors in response to long-term treatment with conventional antidepressants, new putative ones or novel promising drug candidates, all acting via 5-HT system.

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Effect of childhood maltreatment on brain structure in adult patients with major depressive disorder and healthy participants

Cited by 120 publications

References 54 publications

Hippocampal Atrophy in Major Depression: a Function of Childhood Maltreatment Rather than Diagnosis?

Hippocampal Atrophy in Major Depression: a Function of Childhood Maltreatment Rather than Diagnosis?

The complex neurobiology of resilient functioning after child maltreatment

Neuroadaptations of the 5-HT System Induced by Antidepressant Treatments: Old and New Strategies

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