Psychobiology of Altered States of Consciousness.

Vaitl, Dieter; Birbaumer, Niels; Gruzelier, John; Jamieson, G.A.; Kotchoubey, Boris; Kübler, Andrea; Lehmann, Dietrich; Miltner, Wolfgang H. R.; Ott, Ulrich; Pütz, Peter; Sammer, Gebhard; Strauch, Inge; Strehl, Ute; Wackermann, Jiřı́; Weiß, Thomas

doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.98

Cited by 332 publications

(259 citation statements)

References 272 publications

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“…To study motor imagery in the waking resting state, along with the possibility of its enhancement, mentations are investigated as conceived in a no-task-no-response setting (Vaitl et al, 2005) under anodal, cathodal, and sham stimulation. Motor imagery was measured with a quantitative linguistic tool: motor agency analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex in waking resting state induces motor imagery

Speth

Harley

2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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This study investigates if anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of areas above the motor cortex (C3) influences spontaneous motor imagery experienced in the waking resting state. A randomized triple-blinded design was used, combining neurophysiological techniques with tools of quantitative mentation report analysis from cognitive linguistics. The results indicate that while spontaneous motor imagery rarely occurs under sham stimulation, general and athletic motor imagery (classified as athletic disciplines), is induced by anodal tDCS. This insight may have implications beyond basic consciousness research. Motor imagery and corresponding motor cortical activation have been shown to benefit later motor performance. Electrophysiological manipulations of motor imagery could in the long run be used for rehabilitative tDCS protocols benefitting temporarily immobile clinical patients who cannot perform specific motor imagery tasks -such as dementia patients, infants with developmental and motor disorders, and coma patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex in waking resting state induces motor imagery

Speth

Harley

2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…Vaitl et al (2005) describe dancing as a "rhythm-induced trance." In dancing, the body movements of the dancer rhythmically synchronize to the beat of the music and can "seem to happen automatically, without effort or voluntary control" (Vaitl et al, 2005, p. 107).…”

Section: Dancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was however no valence dimension to the model. More recently, Vaitl et al (2005) provided an extensive review of a wide range of phenomena included under the rubric of altered states of consciousness. The aim of that paper, however, was to describe the neurophysiological, cognitive, biological, as well as phenomenological underpinnings of altered states of consciousness in the empirical literature rather than classifying the phenomena from a structural standpoint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Circumplex Structure of Depersonalization/Derealization

Sacco¹

2010

IJPS

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This paper presents a literature review to determine whether precipitating causes of depersonalization (DP) and derealization (DR) correspond to the circumplex model of emotion defined by the dimensions of valence and arousal. DP/DR precipitators are reviewed and classified in relation to the four quadrants of the circumplex model of emotion. The findings indicate that the valence and arousal dimensions were significant predictors of emotions expressed in DP/DR precipitators. Implications are discussed with respect to the multidimensional nature of DP/DR, clarifying normal and abnormal DP/DR, and identifying needed areas of research.

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“…This might have contributed to keeping a focus upon fulfilling the task of filling out the questionnaire. Vaitl et al [33] argue that general cognitive impairment can affect an individual's ability to focus. This means that our respondents may have suffered from mental fatigue during the course and the different exercises.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Guidance as a Tool for Leadership Communication Effective for Military Leaders?

Boe¹,

Holth²

2017

Arts Social Sci J

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Serving as a military officer requires among other skills strong communication skills. The Norwegian Military Academy (NMA) educates its cadets in the use of guidance as a leadership communication tool. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether participating in a 5-day guidance course would lead to an improvement of the ability to communicate better with others. Materials and Methods:Forty-nine officers from the NMA participated in the study. The participants served as supervisors in nine exercises related to practicing guidance as a communication tool. Eight of the participants filled out a questionnaire three times during the 5-day course. Results:The results showed that the supervisors felt that they became better at communicating with others and at building and maintaining relationships. Interestingly, trust was found to decline a bit between the supervisor and the person being supervised. However, they felt that they got to know the other person. In addition, the supervisors felt that they increased their awareness of which communication tools that were effective to use to give the conversation its necessary/desired content and form. They also felt that they became more aware of the kind of information they asked for in the conversation. Furthermore, they felt that they were able to communicate more effectively as leaders, and they perceived that their ability to develop others became enhanced by the use of guidance. Finally, the supervisor´s felt that their ability to influence the supervised person´s attitudes through the creation of new thinking and reflection also increased. Conclusions:The results from the present study suggest that practicing guidance as a leadership communication tool is an effective communication tool for military officers.

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Psychobiology of Altered States of Consciousness.

Cited by 332 publications

References 272 publications

Transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex in waking resting state induces motor imagery

Transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex in waking resting state induces motor imagery

The Circumplex Structure of Depersonalization/Derealization

Is Guidance as a Tool for Leadership Communication Effective for Military Leaders?

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