The Circumplex Structure of Depersonalization/Derealization

Sacco, Robert G.

doi:10.5539/ijps.v2n2p26

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…DDD might be the case of appealing to reflection by itself, using it as a separate activity (objectifying self-observation), that is not playing function in self-regulation and planning processes, which in some cases leads to frequent and prolonged DDD phenomena developing a sort of vicious circle. This conclusion supports theoretical models of psychotherapeutic treatment for DDD by Sacco (2010) and Torch (1987). Also, it is consistent with a hypothesis by a well-known founder of Russian abnormal psychology Bluma Zeigarnik (Zeigarnik, 2012).…”

Section: Discussion Of Findingssupporting

confidence: 86%

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Towards The Problem Of Depersonalization Disorders Psychotherapy (A Pilot Study Findings Discussion

Shankov¹

2018

The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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Section: Discussion Of Findingssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Literature review reveals that there is an exceptional role of reflective processes as markers of DDD (Sierra, 2009). Probably something associated with them might serve as predispositional or chronificational factors (Torch, 1987;Sacco, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards The Problem Of Depersonalization Disorders Psychotherapy (A Pilot Study Findings Discussion

Shankov¹

2018

The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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“…The first question concerned the degree of intoxication whereas the second was related to the feeling of confusion. According to Sacco [74], a sense of confusion could result from several factors, such as concentration difficulties possibly triggered by stress and anxiety, and a feeling of depersonalization/derealisation. Furthermore, we found a linear correlation of the feeling of confusion with the BOLD response and the behavioural scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed or Wheel! fMRI, Behavioural, and Toxicological Investigations of How Cannabis Smoking Affects Skills Necessary for Driving

et al. 2013

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Marijuana is the most widely used illicit drug, however its effects on cognitive functions underling safe driving remain mostly unexplored. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of cannabis on the driving ability of occasional smokers, by investigating changes in the brain network involved in a tracking task. The subject characteristics, the percentage of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the joint, and the inhaled dose were in accordance with real-life conditions. Thirty-one male volunteers were enrolled in this study that includes clinical and toxicological aspects together with functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and measurements of psychomotor skills. The fMRI paradigm was based on a visuo-motor tracking task, alternating active tracking blocks with passive tracking viewing and rest condition. We show that cannabis smoking, even at low Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol blood concentrations, decreases psychomotor skills and alters the activity of the brain networks involved in cognition. The relative decrease of Blood Oxygen Level Dependent response (BOLD) after cannabis smoking in the anterior insula, dorsomedial thalamus, and striatum compared to placebo smoking suggests an alteration of the network involved in saliency detection. In addition, the decrease of BOLD response in the right superior parietal cortex and in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex indicates the involvement of the Control Executive network known to operate once the saliencies are identified. Furthermore, cannabis increases activity in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, suggesting an increase in self-oriented mental activity. Subjects are more attracted by intrapersonal stimuli (“self”) and fail to attend to task performance, leading to an insufficient allocation of task-oriented resources and to sub-optimal performance. These effects correlate with the subjective feeling of confusion rather than with the blood level of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol. These findings bolster the zero-tolerance policy adopted in several countries that prohibits the presence of any amount of drugs in blood while driving.

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“…Now a striking experiential condition in which the sense of reality seems to be lacking is derealisation disorder (Shorvon et al 1946). This disorder has multiple causes including psychiatric and neurological disturbances, but is also quite common in the general population (Sacco 2010). For instance, hypnosis (Wineburg and Straker 1973), sensory deprivation (Reed and Sedman 1964), drug or alcohol abuse (Melges et al 1974) can all trigger derealization experiences.…”

Section: Derealization Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Felt Reality and the Opacity of Perception

Dokic

Martin

2015

Topoi

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We investigate the nature of the sense of presence that usually accompanies perceptual experience. We show that the notion of a sense of presence can be interpreted in two ways, corresponding to the sense that we are acquainted with an object, and the sense that the object is real. In this essay, we focus on the sense of reality. Drawing on several case studies such as derealization disorder, Parkinson's disease and virtual reality, we argue that the sense of reality is two-way independent from the spatial and sensory contents of experience. We suggest that the sense of reality is an affective experience akin to a metacognitive feeling. Finally, we present a potentially important implication of our account for the current debate between Intentionalism and Naïve Realism. Since perception is ''opaque'' with respect to the reality of what is perceived, Intentionalism cannot refer to the sense of reality as what differentiates perception from sensory-like experiences such as imaginings. In contrast, Naïve Realism has an independent explanation of the specificity of perception.

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The Circumplex Structure of Depersonalization/Derealization

Cited by 8 publications

References 76 publications

Towards The Problem Of Depersonalization Disorders Psychotherapy (A Pilot Study Findings Discussion

Towards The Problem Of Depersonalization Disorders Psychotherapy (A Pilot Study Findings Discussion

Weed or Wheel! fMRI, Behavioural, and Toxicological Investigations of How Cannabis Smoking Affects Skills Necessary for Driving

Felt Reality and the Opacity of Perception

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