Psychobiological Approaches to Personality and Their Applications to Child Psychopathology

McBurnett, Keith

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9838-7_4

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…In some studies, underarousal predicts greater externalizing problems (McBurnett 1992), while in others overarousal is associated with greater externalizing problems (Hubbard et al 2002). Whereas sample characteristics (e.g., clinical vs. nonclinical participants) and developmental effects have been discussed as potential sources of the inconsistent findings (El-Sheikh 2005), the current study suggests another avenue for clarifying these discrepancies, namely, examining relations between SCLR and adjustment outcomes in the context of family risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Some studies with children report that higher levels of SCLR are associated with children's aggressive behavior (Hubbard et al 2002) and externalizing problems (El-Sheikh 2005). Other studies have found that lower levels of skin conductance reactivity are associated with child externalizing problems (Fung et al 2005;Herpertz et al 2005;McBurnett 1992;Snoek et al 2004). Of note is that many studies finding evidence for physiological underarousal among children with externalizing problems have been conducted with males with diagnosable mental disorders or a history of criminal activities (Raine et al 1990).…”

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confidence: 93%

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Marital Conflict and Risk for Child Maladjustment over Time: Skin Conductance Level Reactivity as a Vulnerability Factor

El‐Sheikh

Keller

Erath

2007

J Abnorm Child Psychol

112

117

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Skin conductance level reactivity (SCLR) was examined as a longitudinal mediator and moderator of relations between parental marital conflict and psychopathology among children and young adolescents. Participants were 157 boys and girls (M age at T1 = 9.31 years; SD = 1.97); there was a 2-year lag between T1 and T2 assessments. At T1, participants' SCLR was assessed in response to lab challenges. Parents completed measures of aggressive marital conflict and child adjustment at T1 and T2. Supportive of moderation effects, T1 marital conflict interacted with T1 SCLR and gender in the prediction of changes in maladjustment. The link between marital conflict and increased internalizing and externalizing symptoms was stronger for girls with higher SCLR than girls with lower SCLR. Marital conflict predicted increased externalizing behaviors for boys with lower SCLR but not higher SCLR, although levels of externalizing behaviors were similar among boys with lower and higher SCLR especially at higher levels of marital conflict. Findings build on the literature by illustrating the importance of examinations of both family risk and youth biological vulnerability for the prediction of psychopathology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Marital Conflict and Risk for Child Maladjustment over Time: Skin Conductance Level Reactivity as a Vulnerability Factor

El‐Sheikh

Keller

Erath

2007

J Abnorm Child Psychol

112

117

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“…For example, any biological risk factors probably would not be specific for persistent antisocial behavior. Rather, the risk may be related more generally to extremes of personality dimensions (McBurnett, 1992). Prevention efforts might thus be seen as an effort to promote prosocial rather than antisocial phenotypes of the biological propensity.…”

Section: Critique Of Neurophysiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurophysiological Correlate of Conduct Disorder: A Rationale and a Review of Research

Lahey¹,

Hart²,

Pliszka³

et al. 1993

Journal of Clinical Child Psychology

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“…The literature linking SCL-R with childhood externalizing behaviors has been less consistent (Lorber, 2004; Scarpa & Raine, 1997). Some childhood studies report that higher levels of SCL-R are associated with children’s reactive aggression (Hubbard et al, 2002) and externalizing problems (El-Sheikh, 2005a), but more studies have found that lower levels of SCL-R are associated with child externalizing problems (Fung et al, 2005; Herpertz et al, 2005; McBurnett, 1992; Snoek, van Goozen, Matthys, Buitelaar, & van Engeland, 2004; van Goozen, Matthys, Cohen-Kettenis, Gispen-de Wied, & van Engeland, 1998). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abstract

El‐Sheikh¹,

Kouros²,

Erath³

et al. 2009

Monographs Society Res Child

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Toward greater specificity in the prediction of externalizing problems in the context of interparental conflict, interactions between children's parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system (PNS and SNS) activity were examined as moderators. PNS activity was indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and RSA reactivity (RSA-R) to lab challenges. SNS activity was indexed by skin conductance level (SCL) and SCL reactivity (SCL-R) to lab challenges. Moderation hypotheses were examined in 3 multi-informant studies with children ranging in age between 7 and 9 in Studies 1 and 2 and between 6 and 12 in Study 3. Findings are robust across studies and provide the first reported evidence of interactions between PNS and SNS activity as moderators of the association between children's exposure to marital conflict and externalizing behaviors. More specifically, opposing action of the PNS and SNS (i.e., coactivation and coinhibition) operated as a vulnerability factor for externalizing behavior in the context of marital conflict. Conversely, coordinated action of the PNS and SNS (i.e., reciprocal PNS or SNS activation) operated as a protective factor. Results are supportive of the authors' proposed biopsychosocial framework in which individual differences in the coordination of the activity of the PNS and SNS can function as vulnerability or protective factors in the context of family risk. Findings extend current theory indicating the importance of multisystem investigations for clarifying inconsistencies and discrepancies in the literature linking environmental stress, physiological responses, and child adjustment.

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Psychobiological Approaches to Personality and Their Applications to Child Psychopathology

Cited by 28 publications

References 102 publications

Marital Conflict and Risk for Child Maladjustment over Time: Skin Conductance Level Reactivity as a Vulnerability Factor

Marital Conflict and Risk for Child Maladjustment over Time: Skin Conductance Level Reactivity as a Vulnerability Factor

Neurophysiological Correlate of Conduct Disorder: A Rationale and a Review of Research

Abstract

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