Neurophysiological Correlate of Conduct Disorder: A Rationale and a Review of Research

Lahey, Benjamin B.; Hart, Elizabeth L.; Pliszka, Steven R.; Applegate, Brooks; McBurnett, Keith

doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2202_2

Cited by 84 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Antisocial behavior in male children, adolescents, and adults has been linked to low responsiveness in these systems, e.g., low cortisol levels, low heart rate, and low heartrate variability (Lahey et al 1993, Susman & Pajer 2004. Some studies of antisocial girls have confirmed this pattern for cortisol (e.g., Pajer et al 2001, Susman et al 1997).…”

Section: Genetic/biological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology

Zahn‐Waxler

Shirtcliff

Marceau

2008

Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol.

851

631

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Early-onset disorders (e.g., conduct problems, autism) show a marked male preponderance, whereas adolescent-onset disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety) show a marked female preponderance. A developmental psychopathology framework provides a means to investigate complex gender-related etiologies of these different disorders. This review focuses on biological and environmental factors implicated in the development of conduct problems and depression in boys and girls. Boys and girls showed certain differences in types, rates, comorbidities, antecedents, correlates, and trajectories of these problems. Origins of male and female preponderant problems are likely to be rooted, in part, in biological, physical, cognitive, and social-emotional differences in boys and girls that can precede the expression of clinical problems. These male-like and female-like characteristics are considered regarding conduct problems and depression to explore how they inform biological and environmental theories about gender and psychopathology. At the same time, because boys and girls also show many similarities, it is important to avoid sex-stereotyping mental health problems.

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Section: Genetic/biological Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology

Zahn‐Waxler

Shirtcliff

Marceau

2008

Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol.

851

631

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the adult personality and psychopathology literature, a number of studies suggest links between aggressive and antisocial behavior and autonomic functioning using such indicators as heart rate and skin conductance (see Lahey, Hart, Pliska, Applegate, & McBurnett, 1993;and Raine, 1996 for reviews). One conclusion to be drawn from this literature is that underarousal of the autonomic nervous system as reflected in low heart rate (HR) in particular may be a core characteristic of aggressive behavior in adolescents and adults Raine, Venables & Williams, 1990;Raine, 1996).…”

Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac vagal regulation differentiates among children at risk for behavior problems

Calkins

Graziano

Keane

2007

Biological Psychology

303

327

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A sample of 335 five-year-old children participating in an ongoing longitudinal study was the focus of a study on the effects of emotional and behavioral challenge on cardiac activity in children with different patterns of early childhood behavior problems. The children were placed in one of three behavior problem groups (low behavior problems, risk for externalizing problems, risk for mixed externalizing/internalizing problems) based on their scores on the Child Behavior Checklist for 4-18 year-olds (Achenbach, 1991), completed by their mothers. To assess cardiac vagal regulation, resting measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and RSA change (vagal withdrawal) to five emotionally and behaviorally challenging tasks were derived. In addition, Heart period (HP) and Heart period change (HR acceleration) was examined. Results indicated that the behavior problem groups did not differ in terms of resting measures of either RSA or HP. Analyses of the challenge tasks indicated that the children at risk for mixed problems displayed greater cardiac vagal withdrawal across the five tasks than did the other two groups of children. There was a trend for the children at risk for externalizing problems to display less vagal withdrawal than the control group. In addition, the children at risk for mixed problems displayed greater heart rate acceleration to the tasks than did the other two groups of children. Follow-up analyses indicated that the greater cardiac acceleration observed in the mixed group was largely a function of greater vagal withdrawal. These findings are discussed in terms of the emotion regulatory function of cardiac vagal regulation, and its implications for patterns of risk for behavior problems in young children. Recent work in both developmental and clinical psychology has identified the construct of emotion regulation as one that is critical to understanding adaptive functioning (Baumeister &. The ability to exercise self-control over the expression of emotion, particularly negative emotions, and emotion-related behavior, develops over the first years of life and has particular importance for the development of appropriate and adaptive social behavior during the preschool and school years

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“…Biobehavioral studies often find this pattern to be associated with abnormal baseline levels of psychophysiological measures or abnormal reactivity to experimental stressors. 8,9 One measure that responds to certain stressors is the concentration of cortisol in the saliva, which reflects activity in the malleable hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and mirrors the level of free (unbound) cortisol in the blood that can engage brain receptors. 10 We have found that boys with CD with comorbid anxiety (who are probably highly reactive to stress) have very high concentrations of cortisol, whereas boys with CD whose behavior is unconstrained by comorbid anxiety have low concentrations of cortisol in the saliva, are more aggressive, and are more often rejected by their peers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Salivary Cortisol and Persistent Aggression in Boys Referred for Disruptive Behavior

McBurnett

Lahey

Rathouz³

et al. 2000

Arch Gen Psychiatry

Self Cite

429

278

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Background: Persistent antisocial behavior in adulthood is often preceded by childhood-onset aggressive conduct disorder. Aggressive syndromes in both children and adults have previously been associated with abnormalities in peripheral responses to stress. One peripheral measure, salivary cortisol concentration, may reflect individual differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis that underlie propensities for aggression, socialization, and adaptation to stress.

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Neurophysiological Correlate of Conduct Disorder: A Rationale and a Review of Research

Cited by 84 publications

References 65 publications

Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology

Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence: Gender and Psychopathology

Cardiac vagal regulation differentiates among children at risk for behavior problems

Low Salivary Cortisol and Persistent Aggression in Boys Referred for Disruptive Behavior

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