Psychoactive Substance Use Among Young Offenders in a Nigerian Correctional Facility: A Comparative Analysis

Ogunwale, Adegboyega; Ogunlesi, Adegboyega; Akinhanmi, Akinwande O.

doi:10.1080/14999013.2012.688090

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Studies showed that smoking prevalence was higher among males than females [ 20 – 27 ]. Among the gender-specific studies, the prevalence of smoking among females ranged between 2.2% [ 28 ] to 10% [ 27 ] while that of males ranged from 1% [ 29 ] to 32.5% [ 27 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tobacco use in Nigerian youth: A systematic review

2018

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BackgroundTobacco use is the most important preventable cause of premature death and major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Due to strict tobacco legislation in the western hemisphere, many African nations like Nigeria have shifted from being a tobacco-producing nation to a tobacco-consuming one. The purpose of this study was to systematically review existing literature on tobacco use among Nigerian adolescents and young people and identify the prevalence, distribution and factors influencing of tobacco smoking. These data are necessary to formulate and adapt control measures aimed at tobacco cessation among young people, and preventing long-term smoking behaviors.MethodsThree databases (African Journals Online, PsychInfo, PubMed) were searched for peer-reviewed publications, published between January 2000 and March 2017. Additional searches were completed on Google Scholar, and other documents and reports of the Nigerian government and the Global Youth Tobacco Survey were consulted. Using the PRISMA guidelines to evaluate studies, we included studies that reported prevalence of tobacco use in adolescents or youths, aged 10 to 24, and excluded evaluations of tobacco-related medical conditions.ResultsA total of 30 studies with a total population of 26,709 were reviewed. Prevalence rates of tobacco smoking ranged from 0.2% to 32.5%. Among the gender-specific studies, the prevalence of smoking among females ranged between 2.2% to 10% while that of males ranged from 1% to 32.5%. Gender distribution among these studies was mixed (80.0%), males only (13.3%) and females only (6.7%). Smoking prevalence was higher among males than females. The most common risk factors for tobacco use included peer influence, family conditions, psychosocial factors and male gender. Additional risk factors included concomitant substance abuse, media advertisements and increasing age.ConclusionsTobacco smoking poses a huge burden to Nigerian youths and various determinants were highlighted in this review. It is imperative that all stakeholders engage in concerted efforts to target both in-school and out-of-school youths in tobacco control strategies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, two studies had striking prevalence rates of 19.1% in males [ 31 ] and 32.5% in males [ 27 ]. Three studies reported the prevalence among females as 2.2% [ 28 ], 4.7% [ 32 ] and 10% [ 27 ]. Over one-third (36.7%) of the studies reviewed did not measure risk factors for tobacco smoking in young people.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco use in Nigerian youth: A systematic review

2018

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“…As a matter of fact, substance abuse among young persons has been viewed as a variant of juvenile delinquency sue generis and an integral part of the youth offending syndrome (Neff & Waite, 2007 ; Ogunwale et al . 2011 ). It is therefore not surprising that research from different parts of the world have documented high prevalence rates of co-morbid substance abuse among youth in correctional institutions around the world (Teplin et al 2002 ; Wasserman et al 2002 ; Prichard & Payne, 2005 ; Ogunwale et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2011 ). It is therefore not surprising that research from different parts of the world have documented high prevalence rates of co-morbid substance abuse among youth in correctional institutions around the world (Teplin et al 2002 ; Wasserman et al 2002 ; Prichard & Payne, 2005 ; Ogunwale et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of the preponderance of evidence to justify a need for such, a significant proportion of youth correctional centers around the world lacked integrated substance abuse screening and treatment services (Snyder & Sickmund, 2006 ; Young et al 2007 ). The situation is even worse in Nigeria as substance abuse is yet to be identified or prioritized as an issue of concern among adolescents within correctional institutions, and there is yet to be any clear-cut policy on drug abuse assessment and treatment in such institutions in the country (Ogunwale et al 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Service and Policy implication of substance use disorders among adolescents in juvenile correctional facilities in Lagos, Nigeria

2016

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Background.Lack of relevant data has continued to militate against the development of policy and practice toward identification and treatment of alcohol/substance abuse among adolescents coming in contact with the juvenile justice system in Nigeria. This study aims to provide such data, including its policy/practice implications.Methods.One hundred and seventy eight (178) adolescents, who are representative of adolescents within the youth correctional services of Lagos jurisdiction, were interviewed using the alcohol and substance abuse section of the Kiddies’ Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia.Results.The lifetime prevalence rate of abuse of/dependence on any of alcohol or other substances was 22.5% (alcohol, 12.3%; illicit substance, 17.9%). Males were overrepresented among those with any substance use disorder, with gendered prevalence rate as high as 35%. Having had a lived-experience of being a street-child was the single most significant independent factor (Odds ratio (OR), 8.4; p = 0.007) associated with lifetime alcohol substance use disorder.Conclusions.Substance use disorder is highly prevalent among adolescents within the juvenile justice systems in Lagos Nigeria. There is need for deliberate incorporation of alcohol and substance abuse screening and intervention as part of individual care plan in youth correctional facilities in Nigeria. Practical steps toward achieving this were drawn from local reality and international best practices.

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