Psychiatric morbidity among adolescents and youth involved with the juvenile justice system in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic scoping review of current studies and research gaps

Atilola, Olayinka; Abiri, Gbonjubola; Ola, Bolanle

doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101633

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Based on recent systematic reviews, these disorders are about the most common form of psychiatric disorders among justice-involved adolescents worldwide. 6,7 These disorders not only play significant role in the pre-existing poor educational attainment of adolescents who will later be involved with the juvenile justice system, 8 they are also likely to further interfere with efforts at school re-enrolment while within the juvenile justice custody.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of behavioral disorders on the level of custodial school-engagement among detained adolescent boys: an observational cohort study

Atilola

Abiri

Ola

2022

Journal of Global Health Neurology and Psychiatry

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Background The impact of behavioral disorders on custodial school-engagement has not been studied. We investigated the impact of conduct disorder (CD), oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD), and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on the level of school-engagement among detained boys in a youth correctional facility in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods A total of 103 boys were assessed, at the point of remand, for the presence or otherwise of behavioral disorders using the DSM-5 version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. The level of emotional, behavioral, and cognitive school-engagement among them was also assessed, using the School Engagement Measure, three months after enrolment in the custodial school. Results More than half of respondents had at-least one behavioral disorder, with CD being the most prevalent (54.4%). Multiple regression analyses showed that after controlling for perceived autonomy of learning climate, age, and prior level of education at baseline; each of the three behavioral disorders assessed had an independent negative impact on self-reported level of school-engagement three months after enrolment in custodial school. Among the behavioral disorders, ADHD had the largest magnitude of impact (β=-2.78; p<0.01). Conclusions We concluded that behavioural disorders had negative impact on school engagement in youth correctional settings and constitute potential barrier to successful educational rehabilitation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of behavioral disorders on the level of custodial school-engagement among detained adolescent boys: an observational cohort study

Atilola

Abiri

Ola

2022

Journal of Global Health Neurology and Psychiatry

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“…Several studies have reported a high prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders amongst adolescents involved with the JJS worldwide, including Africa, 8,9,10 and it has been documented that almost two-thirds of youth in juvenile justice detention meet the criteria for one or more http://www.sajpsychiatry.org Open Access mental disorders, thereby posing a challenge to both the Juvenile Justice and mental health system. 11 Findings from a study of institutionalised adolescents in Sweden showed that 73% of them had at least one psychiatric disorder, 48% had attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 17% autism spectrum disorder and 10% had intellectual disability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent systematic scoping review concluded that a modest number of studies have been conducted on psychiatric morbidity amongst adolescents involved with the JJS in sub-Saharan Africa, but there are still significant research gaps that need to be filled before a data-driven policy and response for the region can be validly drafted. 8 Part of the gaps that have been identified includes the observation that most of the available studies focussed on a single psychiatric disorder rather than a broad range of disorders. Focus on a single psychiatric disorder amongst a population that has been established to have multiple psychopathologies including co-morbidity is reductionist.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychiatric morbidity amongst adolescents in a Nigerian juvenile correctional facility

Kuranga

Yussuf

2021

South African Journal of Psychiatry

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Background: The high occurrence of psychiatric disorders amongst adolescents within the Juvenile Justice System (JJS) has been confirmed. Most of the available data are from developed countries and some of them focus on just a single psychiatric disorder which may not be representative of the situation in low-income countries, hence the need for more studies in developing countries, including Nigeria.Aim: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders amongst adolescent residents of a correctional facility.Setting: The study was carried out at a Borstal Institution in North-Central Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. One hundred and twenty adolescents were assessed using the socio-demographic pro forma questionnaire designed by the researcher and the Kiddies Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS-PL). Data were analysed using EPI-INFO 4.06 d version 6.04 software.Results: A total of 62.5% of the male respondents were older than 15 years. The percentage of respondents with a psychiatric disorder was 82.5%. The rate of psychiatric disorders was high with disruptive behaviour disorders being the most common at 40.8%, others were substance use disorders (15.8%), anxiety disorders (14.2%), psychosis (6.7%) and mood disorders (5%).Conclusion: This study has established a high prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders amongst incarcerated adolescents. This is in line with the findings of numerous studies worldwide. This study has identified the need to increase awareness and knowledge about the high morbidity of mental disorders in growing juvenile detainee populations. This will allow early identification of adolescents at risk of psychiatric disorders and ensure efficient resource distribution of both JJS service and mental healthcare. Effective and appropriate interventions have shown to improve overall health, quality of life and reduce the rate of recidivism amongst incarcerated juveniles.

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Unmet mental health and criminogenic needs among justice-involved young people: a role for clinicians in the community

Rice

O’Gorman

Jovev

et al. 2023

Clinical Psychologist

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Psychiatric morbidity among adolescents and youth involved with the juvenile justice system in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic scoping review of current studies and research gaps

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

The impact of behavioral disorders on the level of custodial school-engagement among detained adolescent boys: an observational cohort study

The impact of behavioral disorders on the level of custodial school-engagement among detained adolescent boys: an observational cohort study

Psychiatric morbidity amongst adolescents in a Nigerian juvenile correctional facility

Unmet mental health and criminogenic needs among justice-involved young people: a role for clinicians in the community

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