Psychoactive pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in coastal waters of North-Western Spain: Environmental exposure and risk assessment

Fernández-Rubio, Javier; Rodríguez‐Gil, José Luis; Postigo, Cristina; Mastroianni, Nicola; Alda, Miren López de; Barceló, Damià; Valcárcel, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.041

Cited by 70 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Accordingly, the environmental risk of venlafaxine cannot be excluded. Additionally, the antidepressant venlafaxine was already in focus of risk assessment studies, in which an environmental risk by venlafaxine could be deduced (Fernández-Rubio et al, 2019;Zhou et al, 2019). As a last consequence, venlafaxine and its main metabolite were incorporated to the surface water watch list of the water framework directive in August 2020 (EU, 2020).…”

Section: Hazard Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Developmental Changes in Brown Trout After Exposure to the Antidepressant Venlafaxine

Banet

Bauer

Köhler

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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During the last decades, depression has been diagnosed in increasing numbers, accompanied by rising prescription rates of antidepressants. Concomitantly, these pharmaceuticals are frequently detected in surface waters. Serotonin and noradrenalin reuptake inhibitors such as venlafaxine form the second largest group of antidepressants worldwide, and venlafaxine is the second most prescribed antidepressant in Germany. As drug targets are evolutionary highly conserved, venlafaxine can potentially change not only behavior and related physiological processes in humans but also in non-target species, especially aquatic organisms. In order to test this hypothesis for fish, we exposed brown trout larvae and juveniles to venlafaxine at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1,000 μg/L. Larvae were exposed for 5 months from the eyed ova stage until 8 weeks post yolk-sac consumption at 7 and 11 °C. Juveniles were exposed for 4 weeks at 7 °C. Mortality, weight, length, behavior during exposure and behavior in a stressful environment were recorded in both experiments. For larvae, additionally, hatching rate and heart rate were analyzed. In juvenile fish, tissue cortisol levels were determined. Our results clearly showed, that brown trout, irrespective of their life stage, change their behavior when being exposed to venlafaxine: During exposure, venlafaxine at 7 °C caused larvae to sojourn in the upper part of the aquaria for a longer time, with a lowest observed effect concentration of 100 μg/L. In a stressful environment with limited space, fish exposed to ≥10 μg/L venlafaxine were less active than controls. Furthermore, venlafaxine reduced the growth of larvae (length at ≥10 μg/L, weight at 1 mg/L) and their survival after 5 months (at 1 mg/L). Hatching rate and heart rate of larvae as well as tissue cortisol concentration of juveniles were not affected by venlafaxine treatment.

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Section: Hazard Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Developmental Changes in Brown Trout After Exposure to the Antidepressant Venlafaxine

Banet

Bauer

Köhler

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Seventeen pharmaceuticals were also detected in groundwater for human consumption in Galicia, with a concentration ranged between 21 and 14.9 µg/L [ 10 ]. Many articles reflect the problem of water contamination with pharmaceuticals, which in many areas are the source of drinking water, and this problem has been described in many countries around the world, including Spain [ 9 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The therapeutic groups detected include, among others, antibiotics, antihypertensives, anti-inflammatories, glucocorticoids and antitumoral [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of Multi-Residue Method for Drugs Analysis in Human Feces by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Míguez-Suárez¹,

Cardelle‐Cobas²,

Sinisterra-Loaiza³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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The use of veterinary drugs in animal production is a common practice to secure animal and human health. However, residues of administrated drugs could be present in animal food products. Levels of drugs in food of animal origin are regulated within the European Union. In recent years, residues have been detected not only in food, but also in the environmental elements such as water or soil, meaning that humans are involuntarily exposed to these substances. This article presents a multiclass method for the analysis of various therapeutic groups of pharmaceuticals in human feces. Pharmaceuticals are extracted from feces with an acid extraction solvent, and after filtration the extract was analyzed by HPLC–MS/MS. A limit of detection of 10 ng/g was achieved for 9 pharmaceuticals, with linearity over 0.99 and repeatability and reproducibility lower than 20%. The method was satisfactorily applied in 25 feces samples of individuals that had declared not to be under medical treatment for the last two months. Results indicate the presence of six different compounds at concentration between 10 and 456 ng/g. This preliminary study showed the involuntary exposure of human gut microbiota to active substances such as pharmaceuticals

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“…Conventional wastewater treatments, still widely implemented as main processes, cannot efficiently remove pharmaceuticals from effluents [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Inefficiency of WWT in the total removal of pharmaceuticals is proved by different recent studies that have detected pharmaceuticals in the range of ng L −1 to μg L −1 in water samples collected nearby wastewater discharges or in effluents from medical care units and municipal treatment plants [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Other pathways of aquatic contamination are related with the application of veterinary drugs in aquaculture and agriculture [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 108 pharmaceutical drugs were considered in the literature search for the review. The selective criterion was based in those frequently found in the environment accordingly to recent chromatographic studies dedicated to pharmaceuticals monitoring in aquatic fauna [ 22 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ] and waters [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Additionally, the 25 pharmaceuticals included in the list of OSPAR Commission [ 16 ] as well as the top 20 most consumed in Portugal [ 63 ] and USA [ 64 ] were also taken in consideration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nanostructured Carbon-Based Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors for Screening of Emerging Pharmaceutical Pollutants in Waters and Aquatic Species: A Review

et al. 2020

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Pharmaceuticals, as a contaminant of emergent concern, are being released uncontrollably into the environment potentially causing hazardous effects to aquatic ecosystems and consequently to human health. In the absence of well-established monitoring programs, one can only imagine the full extent of this problem and so there is an urgent need for the development of extremely sensitive, portable, and low-cost devices to perform analysis. Carbon-based nanomaterials are the most used nanostructures in (bio)sensors construction attributed to their facile and well-characterized production methods, commercial availability, reduced cost, high chemical stability, and low toxicity. However, most importantly, their relatively good conductivity enabling appropriate electron transfer rates—as well as their high surface area yielding attachment and extraordinary loading capacity for biomolecules—have been relevant and desirable features, justifying the key role that they have been playing, and will continue to play, in electrochemical (bio)sensor development. The present review outlines the contribution of carbon nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerene, carbon nanofibers, carbon black, carbon nanopowder, biochar nanoparticles, and graphite oxide), used alone or combined with other (nano)materials, to the field of environmental (bio)sensing, and more specifically, to pharmaceutical pollutants analysis in waters and aquatic species. The main trends of this field of research are also addressed.

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Psychoactive pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in coastal waters of North-Western Spain: Environmental exposure and risk assessment

Abstract: Research and Teaching Group in Environmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment (TAyER).

Cited by 70 publications

References 57 publications

Behavioral and Developmental Changes in Brown Trout After Exposure to the Antidepressant Venlafaxine

Behavioral and Developmental Changes in Brown Trout After Exposure to the Antidepressant Venlafaxine

Development and Validation of Multi-Residue Method for Drugs Analysis in Human Feces by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Application of Nanostructured Carbon-Based Electrochemical (Bio)Sensors for Screening of Emerging Pharmaceutical Pollutants in Waters and Aquatic Species: A Review

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