Psychoacoustic characteristics of fibers

나영주

et al. 2002

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In order to provide a fabric sound evaluation system for designing auditory-sensible fabrics, sound parameters are obtained, including the level pressure of total sound (LPT), sound color factors (Δ L and Δ f ), three coefficients (ARC, ARF, ARE) of autoregressive models based on the fast fourier transform spectrum, loudness(Z) and sharpness(Z) from Zwicker's psychoacoustic models, and mechanical properties from KES values for wool suiting fabrics. As psychophysical characteristics, subjective sensations of softness, loudness, sharpness, clearness, roughness, highness, and pleasantness of the fabric sounds are evaluated by the free modulus magnitude estimation. Tropical wool has the lowest loudness(Z) and the highest Δ L value among the fabrics. Melton, a thicker and heavier woolen, shows a trend similar to saxony and flannel for sound parameters. Wool suiting fabrics have higher scores for loudness and highness rather than clearness and pleasantness, except for tropical wool, which has the highest scores for pleasantness among the fabrics. Using the modified stepwise regression of Kawabata, all sensations are predicted by both sound parameters and mechanical properties. The sound sensation of wool suiting fabrics is related mainly to tensile, surface, and shear properties in mechanical measurements and with autoregressive coefficients as sound parameters.Fabric sounds have recently attracted both researchers and manufacturers of textiles and apparel. Fabric sound affects the sensorial comfort of clothing [ I ]. Because consumers are interested in the sensorial qualities of fabrics, auditory-sensible textile products are expected to broaden the market now more than at any other time. The tactile and visual aesthetic performance of textiles is already commonly understood, but auditory-sensible textiles are in the early stages of development and production. There have been only a few reports on fabric sound: Fukuhara reported that two edges of a micro-slit in a trilobal-shaped cross section of a polyester fiber imitate silk-scrooping [4]. To develop textile products with auditory comfort for the sensory satisfaction of consumers, however, the physical characteristics of fabrics that can be measured should be identified for application in the manufacturing process. In previous studies [2, 31, we discussed the relationship between the physical characteristics of fabric sounds and the mechanical properties of the fabrics. In addition, we observed some physiological responses to the rubbing sounds of several fabrics, including silk and polyester, in order to determine the relationship between objective physical measurements and human physiological attributes [13]. An approach by Pollard [9] proposed that complex sounds such as music may be determined by following three levels of sound analysis-physical, psycho-physical, and feature analysis. According to this suggestion, fabric sound can be, subjected to psycho-physical and feature analysis as well as physical analysis, indicating the usefulness of h...

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fabric Sound Evaluation System for Totally Auditory-Sensible Textiles

나영주

et al. 2002

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“…So far, there is a general agreement that loudness, which corresponds to sound pressure level (SPL), is the major parameter affecting human sensation. Accordingly, loudness has been one of the most frequently adopted parameters for determining auditory sensation for fabric sound [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. 1 The subjective attributes of sound depend on one or more physical parameters such as pressure, frequency, spectrum, duration, and envelope [8].…”

Section: Department Of Clothing and Textiles Yonsei University Seoul South Koreamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second and the third factors are τ 1 and φ 1 , the delay time and the amplitude of the first peak of the normalized ACF, respectively. The normalized ACF is defined by (7) The two factors, τ 1 and φ 1 , are closely related to the pitch sensation. The perceived pitch and its sound signal strength are expressed by τ 1 and φ 1 , respectively [11].…”

Section: Fluctuation Strength(z) Vacilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining the Psychoacoustic Parameters That Affect Subjective Sensation of Fabric Sounds at Given Sound Pressures

2007

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In fabric sound research, loudness has been proven to be the primary factor determining auditory sensation while other factors have not received enough attention in relation to their significance. This study aimed to analyze the secondary sound factors that differentiate sensations of fabric sounds at given sound pressure levels (SPL) corresponding to loudness. Objective sound data were obtained with psychoacoustic measurements such as Zwicker's parameters and auto correlation function parameters. These were compared with subjective ratings using seven pairs of descriptors: “hard vs. soft,” “quiet vs. loud,” “dull vs. sharp,” “obscure vs. clear,” “smooth vs. rough,” “low vs. high,” and “unpleasant vs. pleasant.” The fabric sounds having the same SPL varied in magnitude of perception for each sensation, thus revealing the effects of secondary sound factors. The parameters affecting subjective sensation are as follows: roughness ( z) and τ1, delay time of the first peak, decrease the sensations of “clarity,” “sharpness,” and “smoothness”; fluctuation strength ( z) promotes “smoothness” for 50 dB sounds; and τe, related to reverberation, increases “pleasantness” for 50 dB sounds.

“…Fabric noise, ignored as an annoying but essentially harmless nuisance until recently, is causing more concern in the general population and the textile industry. As textile researchers recognize the important role of fabric sound in developing the aesthetic performance of clothing, they are attempting to find relationships between sound and the structural parameters of fabrics such as fiber content, cross-sectional shape, and fabric construction, among others [5,7,8,10,11,12]. However, the literature on knitted fabric sound has been scarce until now.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Subjective Evaluation of the Rustling Sounds of Polyester Warp Knitted Fabrics

Cho²,

Kim³

et al. 2005

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This study evaluates the rustling sounds of polyester warp knitted fabrics using a psychophysiological technique. We generate and record the rustling sounds of three structural types—reverse locknit, double denbigh, and sharkskin—of warp knitted fabrics, all made from 75D polyester filament yarn at the same density. To obtain quantitative information about rustling sounds, Zwicker’s psychoacoustic parameters—loudness( z), sharpness( z), roughness( z), and fluctuation strength( z)—are calculated from sound spectra obtained by FFT analysis. We acquire physiological signals—electroencephalogram, the ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF) from the power spectrum of heart rate variability, respiration rate (RESP), heart rate (HR)—from fourteen female participants when each sound is presented to them, and they rate seven sensations—softness, pleasantness, comfort, noisiness, annoyance, clearness, and highness—by free modulus magnitude estimation. Loudness( z), roughness( z), and fluctuation strength( z) are highest for the sharkskin and lowest for the reverse locknit. The rustling sound of double denbigh appears to be related to a positive sensation, with the highest softness, pleasantness, and comfort, and the lowest beta wave and LF/HF. On the other hand, the sharkskin sound appears to evoke negative sensations, with the highest annoyance and noisiness and most increasing beta wave, RESP, HR, and LF/HF. Therefore, we conclude that psychoacoustic parameters such as loudness( z), roughness( z), and fluctuation strength( z) affect psychological and physiological responses evoking negative sensations for warp knitted fabric sounds.