Psychiatric disturbances during pregnancy in a rural group of African women

Factors associated with postpartum physical and mental morbidity among women with known HIV status in Lusaka, Zambia

“…The overall prevalences of mental morbidity in our study at antenatal interview (22%), at seven days (5%) and at six weeks (4%) postpartum were somewhat lower than the prevalences reported by studies using other mental morbidity measurement tools in other sub-Saharan African countries, although most demonstrate similar trends over time. Prevalences of 30% antenatal and 14% postpartum were found in Ibadan, Nigeria using the General Health Questionnaire (Aderibigbe et al, 1993); 11% postpartum in Nnewi, Nigeria using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) (Uwakwe et al, 2003); 31% antenatal and 10% postpartum in rural Uganda using the Standardised Psychiatric Interview (Cox, 1979;1983); 24% postpartum in a peri-urban community in Uganda using a custom questionnaire followed by psychiatric interview (Assael et al, 1972); 19% antenatal and 16% postpartum in a peri-urban settlement in Zimbabwe using the Shona Symptom Questionnaire for antenatal interviews and the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R) for postpartum interviews (Nhiwatiwa et al, 1998) and 35% antenatal in a peri-urban settlement in South Africa using the Structured Clinical Interview for DMS-IV diagnoses (Cooper et al, 1999).…”

“…Despite the considerable heterogeneity in settings and research instruments, some patterns and predictors of PND appear to be common to women in high-and lowincome countries (Kumar, 1994). These include the importance of predictors such as poor emotional and practical support from the partner, family and household conflict, adverse life events and antenatal depression (Aderibigbe et al, 1993;Assael et al, 1972;Asten et al, 2004;Beck, 2001;Chandran et al, 2002;Cox, 1979Cox, , 1983Nhiwatiwa et al, 1998;Rahman et al, 2003a;Rahman et al, 2003b;Reichenheim et al, 1991;Rodrigues et al, 2003). A detrimental impact of PND on infant health and development has also been recognised in high-and low-income settings (Cooper et al, 1998;Cooper et al, 1999;Cooper et al, 2002;Patel et al, 2003;Patel et al, 2004;Rahman et al, 2002;Rahman et al, 2004).…”

Between life and death: exploring the sociocultural context of antenatal mental distress in rural Ethiopia

“…In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), prevalence estimates for antenatal CMD are high, ranging from 19.0% to 41.0% using self-report symptom scales (Assael et al 1972; Aderibigbe et al 1993; Nhiwatiwa et al 1998; Adewuya et al 2006a; Collin et al 2006; Rochat et al 2006; Bernatsky et al 2007) and from 8.9% to 16.7% using diagnostic interviews (Cox 1979b; Abiodun et al 1993; Aderibigbe et al 1993; Kaaya et al 2002; Adewuya et al 2007). This compares to lower prevalence estimates from recent meta-analyses of antenatal depression in high-income countries: 12.0% for self-report scales (Bennett et al 2004) and 8.5% for clinical interviews (Gavin et al 2005).…”

Predicting postnatal mental disorder with a screening questionnaire: a prospective cohort study from Zimbabwe

“…Assael et al reported from a rural study in Uganda that 24% of pregnant women had a psychiatric disorder and 16% had a depressive syndrome after delivery. 4 Cox studied women attending an antenatal clinic at a health centre in Uganda and found that 30% had psychiatric morbidity in the antenatal period and among those followed up into puerperium 10% suVered a postnatal depression. 5 6 Aderibibge et al in a study of women attending antenatal care at the University Teaching Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria found 30% of women had a prenatal psychiatric disorder and 14% had postnatal psychiatric disorder.…”