Psychiatric comorbidities in autism spectrum disorders: findings from a Danish Historic Birth Cohort

Neonatal levels of neurotrophic factors and risk of autism spectrum disorders

“…The several psychiatric (30,56) and medical comorbidities encountered in patients with ASD (37) place a major obstacle to identify our findings' specificity to ASD. Despite our efforts to specify a pattern that pertains to ASD and ASD only in our secondary analysis (Table 5), the heterogeneity within ASD diagnoses themselves (57) and the potential pathophysiological overlap with other disorders such as schizophrenia (58) leave several questions regarding the specificity of our findings to ASD to be answered in future studies.…”

“…Both cases and controls were retrieved from a historic birth-cohort kept and maintained at Statens Serum Institute in Copenhagen (29,30). All ASD cases born between 1982 and 2000 were identified in the Historic Birth Cohort utilizing the Danish Psychiatric Central Register and using ICD-8 codes (299.xx) until 1993 followed by ICD-10 codes (DF84.xx) (31).…”

Neonatal levels of cytokines and risk of autism spectrum disorders: An exploratory register-based historic birth cohort study utilizing the Danish Newborn Screening Biobank

“…Background information for this study population is presented in Table 1. For the background characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities of all the ASD cases and controls in the HBC see Abdallah et al (2011a).…”

“…More details about the cohort, background characteristics and the case control selection process are presented elsewhere (Abdallah et al, 2011a(Abdallah et al, , 2011b. Briefly, all ASD cases born between 1982 and 2000 were identified in the HBC utilizing the Danish Psychiatric Central Register (DPCR), which is a computerized nationwide register of all inpatient (from 1969) and outpatient (from 1995) psychiatric admissions in Denmark (Munk-Jorgensen and Mortensen, 1997).…”

Autism spectrum disorder in adults: clinical features and the role of the psychiatrist

“…Adults with ASD are at lower risk of cigarette smoking and alcohol misuse than the general population (Bejerot 2003;Abdallah 2011). Lowered rates may be due to a variety of factors associated with ASD, such as lack of a peer group that misuses substances, harm avoidance and low risk-taking behaviour (Santosh 2006).…”