Pseudorabies virus infection inhibits stress granules formation via dephosphorylating eIF2α

Xu, Shengkui; Chen, Dongjie; Chen, Dengjin; Qian-lin, HU; Zhou, Lei; Ge, Xinna; Han, Jun; Guo, Xin; Yang, Hanchun

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108786

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) induces the expression of DNA-damage-inducible 34 (GADD34) to increase the dephosphorylation of eIF2α (Clavarino et al, 2012). And Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection significantly inhibits the SG formation by dephosphorylating eIF2α, such as Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Pseudorabies virus (PRV; Xu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Viruses Inhibit Sg Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple functions of stress granules in viral infection at a glance

Guan

Wang²,

Fu³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Stress granules (SGs) are distinct RNA granules induced by various stresses, which are evolutionarily conserved across species. In general, SGs act as a conservative and essential self-protection mechanism during stress responses. Viruses have a long evolutionary history and viral infections can trigger a series of cellular stress responses, which may interact with SG formation. Targeting SGs is believed as one of the critical and conservative measures for viruses to tackle the inhibition of host cells. In this systematic review, we have summarized the role of SGs in viral infection and categorized their relationships into three tables, with a particular focus on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Moreover, we have outlined several kinds of drugs targeting SGs according to different pathways, most of which are potentially effective against SARS-CoV-2. We believe this review would offer a new view for the researchers and clinicians to attempt to develop more efficacious treatments for virus infection, particularly for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Viruses Inhibit Sg Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple functions of stress granules in viral infection at a glance

Guan

Wang²,

Fu³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…eIF2α-p may lead to the retention of many translation initiation complexes in the cytoplasm and eventually induce the formation of SGs [ 151 ]. Xu et al found that SGs induced by sodium arsenate (AS) and DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT) are blocked when the phosphorylation of eIF2α kinases double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) is significantly inhibited during PRV infection, suggesting that PRV-encoded protein itself or by recruiting some host factors to inhibit the formation of SGs, which will benefit PRV replication [ 152 ].…”

Section: Regulation Of Apoptosis Autophagy Er Stress and Stress Granu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tug of War: Pseudorabies Virus and Host Antiviral Innate Immunity

Zhou

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The non-specific innate immunity can initiate host antiviral innate immune responses within minutes to hours after the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the natural immune response is the first line of defense for the host to resist the invaders, including viruses, bacteria, fungi. Host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the infected cells or bystander cells recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of invading pathogens and initiate a series of signal cascades, resulting in the expression of type I interferons (IFN-I) and inflammatory cytokines to antagonize the infection of microorganisms. In contrast, the invading pathogens take a variety of mechanisms to inhibit the induction of IFN-I production from avoiding being cleared. Pseudorabies virus (PRV) belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Varicellovirus. PRV is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease (AD, pseudorabies). Although the natural host of PRV is swine, it can infect a wide variety of mammals, such as cattle, sheep, cats, and dogs. The disease is usually fatal to these hosts. PRV mainly infects the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in swine. For other species, PRV mainly invades the PNS first and then progresses to the central nervous system (CNS), which leads to acute death of the host with serious clinical and neurological symptoms. In recent years, new PRV variant strains have appeared in some areas, and sporadic cases of PRV infection in humans have also been reported, suggesting that PRV is still an important emerging and re-emerging infectious disease. This review summarizes the strategies of PRV evading host innate immunity and new targets for inhibition of PRV replication, which will provide more information for the development of effective inactivated vaccines and drugs for PRV.

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“…Pseudorabies virus (PRV) may infect other mammals such as pigs, cattle, sheep, dogs and cats. The results of in vitro experiments suggest that PRV may inhibit the process of eIF2α phosphorylation induced by sodium arsenite, inhibit the production of SGs and promote viral replication ( 56 ). The cricket paralysis virus (CrPV)-associated protein CrPV-1A may induce the aggregation of G3BP1 and inhibit the production of SGs ( 57 ).…”

Section: Sgs Involved In Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of stress granules: An emerging link to diseases (Review)

et al. 2022

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Under unfavorable environmental conditions, eukaryotic cells may form stress granules (SGs) in the cytosol to protect against injury and promote cell survival. The initiation, mRNA and protein composition, distribution and degradation of SGs are subject to multiple intracellular post-translational modifications and signaling pathways to cope with stress damage. despite accumulated comprehensive knowledge of their composition and dynamics, the function of SGs remains poorly understood. When the stress persists, aberrant and/or persistent intracellular SGs and aggregation of SGs-related proteins may lead to various diseases. In the present article, the research progress regarding the generation, modification and function of SGs was reviewed. The regulatory effects and influencing factors of SGs in the development of tumors, cardiovascular diseases, viral infections and neurodegenerative diseases were also summarized, which may provide novel insight for preventing and treating SG-related diseases.

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Pseudorabies virus infection inhibits stress granules formation via dephosphorylating eIF2α

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Multiple functions of stress granules in viral infection at a glance

Multiple functions of stress granules in viral infection at a glance

A Tug of War: Pseudorabies Virus and Host Antiviral Innate Immunity

Pathophysiology of stress granules: An emerging link to diseases (Review)

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