Pseudomonas oryzihabitans sepsis in a 1-year-old child with multiple skin rashes: a case report

Abstract

Background Pseudomonas oryzihabitans is a Pseudomonas bacterial organism rarely implicated in human infections. The bacterium has been isolated in a few reported cases of neurosurgical infections and patients with end-stage cirrhosis, sickle cell disease, and community-acquired urinary tract infections. Limited information exists in developing countries, however, because of the lack of advanced microbiological tools for identification and characterization of this bacterium. This case report describes the isolation of a rare Pseudomonas bacterium in a patient presenting with sepsis and skin infection.Case presentationA 1-year-old girl was presented to a hospital in the northeastern part of Ghana with a 1-week history of pustular rashes on her scalp and neck, which occasionally ruptured, along with discharge of yellowish purulent fluid. The child is of Mole-Dagbon ethnicity and hails from the northern part of Ghana. Pseudomonas oryzihabitans was identified in the patient’s blood culture using the 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing technique. The rash on the patient’s scalp and skin resolved after continuous treatment with gentamicin while her condition improved clinically.ConclusionsThis finding suggests the potential of this bacterium to cause disease in unsuspected situations and emphasizes the need to have evidence for the use of the appropriate antibiotic in clinical settings, particularly in rural settings in Africa. It also brings to the fore the unreliability of conventional methods for identification of Pseudomonas bacteria in clinical samples and thus supports the use of 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid in making the diagnosis.

The first report of Pseudomonas oryzihabitansin infection in a patient with hidradenitis suppurativa

“…Our patient was treated by piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem, and ceftazidime. The former reports confirmed that imipenem and ciprofloxacin are the first therapeutic choices for P oryzihabitant infection …”

“…This bacterium is not human normal-flora and numerous reports suggested that the bacterium's transition is through environment. [2][3][4] According to previous reports, the frequency of cutaneous infection due to P oryzihabitansis is 0.097%. Tena et al reported six cases of skin infected with this bacterium from surgical wounds, cutaneous abscess.…”

“…Pseudomonas oryzihabitans is a potential nosocomial pathogen causing various infections, particularly cutaneous infections; due to lack of significant information about pathogenicity, virulence factor, and few clinical reports of this bacterium's infections, the pathogenicity of P oryzihabitans is still a puzzle for the scientific community. This bacterium is not human normal‐flora and numerous reports suggested that the bacterium's transition is through environment …”

“…Pseudomonas oryzihabitans is an infrequent opportunistic pathogen not identified at the species level by phenotyping test, because of different phenotyping results in their strains. Moreover, P oryzihabitans 's signature 16S rRNA gene sequence is unique; therefore, molecular techniques such as 16S rRNA sequencing are recommended for accurate identification of the bacterium in clinical specimens …”

“…Flavimonas oryzihabitans or Chromobacterium typhiflavum , currently recognized as P oryzihabitansis , is a gram‐negative, lactose‐, and oxidase‐negative bacterium producing rough yellowish colonies on agar culture media. P oryzihabitans is a saprophytic bacteruim that lives freely in environmental resources such as soil, rice paddles, medical equipment, or hospital wash‐hand basin . Primarily, P oryzihabitants was not referred to as a pathogenic bacterium until 1970s when the first case of bacteremia was reported by Hellou et al Nowadays, this bacterium is known as a pathogenic bacterium isolated from human infections such as wound and soft tissue infections, septicemia, hip infection, prosthetic valve endocarditis, peritonitis, meningitis, abscesses, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections .…”