“Pseudomonas fluorescens” as an Antagonist to Control Okra Root Rotting Fungi Disease in Plants

Abstract

The common bacteria found in fruit and vegetables are Pseudomonas fluorescens which is Germ-negative and is rod-shaped. Pseudomonas fluorescens has been originated from the rhizosphere of Roorkee-grown okra. The presented work involves recognizing and controlling the isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens. The scope of the proposed work is that the technique used here is a unique strategy to plant protection and control of rotting fungus diseases based on the recognition and management of Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates. Antagonist effect occurs commonly in vegetable and fruit plants. The main goal of this study is to isolate, identify, and evaluate the development of these bacteria which effects on plant growth. In this research work, five isolates have been chosen for further research based on their morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. All five isolates have been identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens from Bergey’s Manual for the determination of bacteriology. Catalase, urease, amylase, and citrate utilization test were all positive in all of the isolates. PFTT4 was identified to be a likely strain for all plant growth promoting exercises such as age of IAA, HCN, ammonia, and phosphate solubilization subsequent to being assessed for their plant development advancing properties. Further, in vitro exploring uncovered that PFTT4 diminished the development of phytopathogens such as Fusarium solani and extraordinarily further developed seed germination just as all development boundaries like shoot and root length. Furthermore, Pseudomonas sp. PFTT4’s plant growth promoting and antifungal activities put forward to it could be there used because of bioinoculant agents for Abelmoschus esculentus.

Multifaceted Impacts of Plant-Beneficial Pseudomonas spp. in Managing Various Plant Diseases and Crop Yield Improvement

“…The most common compounds that take part in biocontrol mechanism include phenazine-1-carboxamide, lipopeptides, 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG), pyrrolnitrin, pyoluteorin, and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA). 11 Pseudomonas strains survive well in stress conditions and are very beneficial in the control of several diseases triggered by fungal phytopathogens, 43 mainly damping-off disease caused by Pythium spp., 34 Fusarium solani causing okra root rot, 35 Rhizoctonia solani associated with Rhizoctonia root-rot, 36 and foliage blight disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae. 37 Plants' ability to defend themselves is strengthened through priming as an adaptive technique.…”

“… 11 Pseudomonas strains survive well in stress conditions and are very beneficial in the control of several diseases triggered by fungal phytopathogens, 43 mainly damping-off disease caused by Pythium spp. , 34 Fusarium solani causing okra root rot, 35 Rhizoctonia solani associated with Rhizoctonia root-rot, 36 and foliage blight disease caused by Phytophthora nicotianae . 37 …”

Identification of Some Fungi Causing Okra Root Rot Disease from Different Regions of Anbar and Waist and Testing Pathogenicity

“…Perhaps the most important of these diseases is seed rot, seedling death and root rot, caused by (Rhizoctonia sp., Fusarium sp., Pythium sp.) [5]. It is considered one of the most dangerous causes because producing various survival structures such as chlamydospore, oospore and sclerotia, as It is not possible to know the infection at an early time, but as the infection progresses, symptoms appear clearly on the vegetative system [6].…”