ps-laser scribing of CIGS films at different wavelengths

Gečys, Paulius; Račiukaitis, Gediminas; Ehrhardt, Martin; Zimmer, Klaus; Gedvilas, Mindaugas

doi:10.1007/s00339-010-5842-6

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…From the standard Fourier heat transfer model, it is known that the heat diffusion length scales with the square root of the pulse duration . Single investigations on structuring Mo , CIS and Zinc oxide (ZnO) or other transparent oxides with ultrafast lasers have shown that pulse durations in the femtosecond (fs)—and picosecond (ps)—regime minimize thermal effects, providing selective structuring and less damage, but the process speed was too slow for an industrial application . It is shown that lines scribed with ps‐laser pulses introduce less visible damage, avoid chipping and burrs and require less space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm² modules

Heise

Börner

Dickmann

et al. 2014

Progress in Photovoltaics

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In this paper, we present the selective structuring of all three patterns (P1, P2 and P3) of a monolithic interconnection of CIS (Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 ) thin film solar cells by picosecond laser pulses at a wavelength of 1064 nm. We show results for single pulse ablation threshold values and line scribing of molybdenum films on glass (P1), CIS on molybdenum (P2) and zinc oxide on CIS (P3). The purposes of these processes are the p-type isolation (P1), cell interconnect (P2) and n-type isolation (P3), which are required for complete cell architecture. The half micron thick molybdenum back electrode can be structured with a process speed of more than 15 m/s at about 15 W average power without detectable residues and damage by direct induced laser ablation from the back side (P1). The CIS layer can be structured selectively down to the molybdenum at process speeds up to 1 m/s at about 15 W average power, due to the precision of direct laser ablation in the ultrashort pulse regime (P2). The ZnO front electrode layer is separated by clean trenches with straight side walls at process speeds of up to 15 m/s at about 10 W average power, as a result of indirect induced laser ablation (P3). A validation of functionality of all processes is demonstrated on CIS solar cell modules (30 × 30 cm 2 ). By replacing one state-of-the-art process by a picosecond laser process at a time, solar efficiencies could be increased for P1 and P2 and stayed on a similar level for P3. After an optimization of the patterning processes in the R&D pilot line of AVANCIS, we achieved a new record efficiency for an all-laser-patterned CIS solar module: 14.7% as best value for the aperture area efficiency of a 30 × 30 cm 2 sized CIS module was reached. Copyright

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm² modules

Heise

Börner

Dickmann

et al. 2014

Progress in Photovoltaics

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“…Picosecond regime has been investigated as well, in particular for CuIn x Ga (1-x) Se 2 (CIGS) type solar cells. In a work from the Center for Physical Science and Technology in Vilnius, Lithiuania, [2] the authors have investigated the impact of the laser wavelength in the laser process for P3 (removing of ZnO and CIGS layers, stopping on Mo) on flexible solar cells. 532 nm and 355 nm have been used in this work and the authors found that 532 nm radiation induced extensive melt formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only pulse energies sufficient for a reliable separation have been included. The average scribing shunts have been calculated from these resistances following equation2 and are drawn against the right axis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of CIS/CIGS and CdTe solar cells scribing with high-power fibre short pulse lasers

Hernandez

Lotter

Bermúdez

et al. 2012

Photonics for Solar Energy Systems IV

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We present here some of the last results of the EUROPEAN project ALPINE. We present both the development of an adjustable fibre laser pulse source and scribing results on CdTe and CIGS solar cells. The scribing tests were performed at three different pulse durations: 400 fs, 8 ps and 250 ps. The results obtained with 250 ps are already very promising for P3 steps in both CdTe and CIGS solar cells. In both cases the results were validated electrically.In the case of P3 scribing for CIGS solar cells, shunt resistances as high as 125 kΩ.cm were obtained. Isolation resistances were higher than 1 MΩ.cm. The processing speed was 2 m/s.

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“…To comply with the need of precise microstructures like, for instance, groove widths below 10 μm providing perfect electrical isolation, ultrashort pulses have to be used in order to avoid any thermal damage or contamination in the ablated region. Previous empirical studies using pico-or femtosecond pulses at several wavelengths from the near infrared to ultraviolet spectral range showed that a fairly "clean" ablation of TCOs or photovoltaic absorber thin films is possible by irradiating successive pulses with considerable spatial overlap from the TCO side [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise microstructuring of indium-tin oxide thin films on glass by selective femtosecond laser ablation

et al. 2013

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Transparent conductive oxide (TCO) thin films were removed from glass substrates using femtosecond laser pulses. Irradiating through the glass, the threshold for complete TCO ablation was much lower than for front-side irradiation. Additionally, the former method created almost rectangular crosssectional groove profiles despite the Gaussian laser beam. This indicates a non-thermal ultrafast ablation mechanism via critical carrier concentration achieved by the femtosecond pulse in the TCO at the interface. Very narrow scribes of only 5 µm width provided very good electrical separation, making this technique very attractive for micro-structuring applications like scribing of thin-film solar cells.

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ps-laser scribing of CIGS films at different wavelengths

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm² modules

Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm² modules

Investigation of CIS/CIGS and CdTe solar cells scribing with high-power fibre short pulse lasers

Precise microstructuring of indium-tin oxide thin films on glass by selective femtosecond laser ablation

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ps-laser scribing of CIGS films at different wavelengths

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm2 modules

Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm2 modules

Investigation of CIS/CIGS and CdTe solar cells scribing with high-power fibre short pulse lasers

Precise microstructuring of indium-tin oxide thin films on glass by selective femtosecond laser ablation

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Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm² modules

Demonstration of the monolithic interconnection on CIS solar cells by picosecond laser structuring on 30 by 30 cm² modules