Proximate composition of household waste and applicability of waste management technologies by source separation in Hanoi, Vietnam

Kawai, Kosuke; Huong, Luong Thi Mai; Yamada, Masato; Osako, Masahiro

doi:10.1007/s10163-014-0348-5

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This is in line with previous findings, such as Liu and Nguyen (2020), who observe that food waste in Hanoi represented 53.81% of MSW in 2012. Other studies, such as Kawai et al (2016), report that food waste per capita in Hanoi comprised as much as 0.49 kg per day, which corresponds with data from a self-reporting survey conducted in 2020, which noted that daily per capita food waste generation in Hanoi totaled 285 g in urban areas and 423 g in rural areas (Liu & Nguyen, 2020). Moreover, more than 80% of MSW in Hanoi is sent to landfill for final disposal.…”

Section: Current Statussupporting

confidence: 64%

“…In Hanoi, both MSW and food waste volumes continue to increase resulting from economic growth and associated lifestyle changes of city residents (Kawai et al, 2016;Liu & Nguyen, 2020). For instance, the total fraction of domestic solid waste approximated 38,000 tonnes per day in 2017, of which roughly 54% to 77% was identified as organic (MONRE, 2016).…”

Section: Current Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Governance for food waste prevention in Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam: Achieving the right mix

et al. 2021

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This article asks how to achieve food waste prevention in Asia from a governance perspective by looking at Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam as case studies. Aligning stakeholders behind preventive measures on food waste requires a context‐appropriate mix of hierarchical, market, and network modes of governance. This article analyzes current food waste governance in Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam. In Japan, government‐led hierarchical coordination primarily only emphasized horizontal coordination and later extended this into vertical coordination. The emergence of grassroots initiatives in the response to COVID‐19 shows that network and market forms of coordination have greater potential to scale their reach to consumers than hierarchical coordination. Thailand exhibits a hierarchical orientation with little interagency coordination on upstream measures; market and network modes have compensated for limited upstream government efforts. Vietnam combines hierarchical and market modes only in the post‐harvesting and manufacturing stages of food production and relies on network modes during community‐level reuse and distribution. The article recommends that to achieve food waste prevention, other than introducing national government led hierarchical mode of coordination in vertical and horizontal levels, market and network‐based coordination is essential to engage with different stakeholders in the food supply chain.

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Section: Current Statussupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Current Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governance for food waste prevention in Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam: Achieving the right mix

et al. 2021

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“…The rate of waste generated in Hanoi averagely increases by 5% each year due to the growing population and rising economy [23]. The quantity and quality of MSW generated in Hanoi have changed dramatically due to the large concentrated population and the effects of lifestyle changes as a result of economic development [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Household Food Waste Generation in Hanoi and Policy Implications towards SDGs Target 12.3

Liu

Nguyen

2020

Sustainability

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The issue of food waste, especially in developing economies, is a puzzle. Hanoi was selected as a case study to examine the current situation of food waste generated by consumers through daily habits/practices and to evaluate options for preventing and reducing food waste at the policy level through a literature/policy review and interview-style survey. An analysis of responses found that the self-reported food waste generation rate in Hanoi averaged 1192 g/day/household in urban areas and 1694 g/day/household in rural areas; cooking waste generated during meal processing/preparation accounts for more than 70% of the total; less than 20% of respondents separated out kitchen waste for reuse/recycling before disposal; expiration dates and deteriorating quality were cited as primary reasons for food waste at home in contrast with larger portions and over-ordering outside the home; leftover food is used indirectly as animal feed in urban areas and directly in rural areas; and most respondents indicate a willingness to reduce, reuse, and recycle food waste. To achieve SDG target 12.3, policymakers and practitioners must develop comprehensive food waste policies and actions targeting the entire supply chain, implement practical food waste management systems, and promote sufficiency strategies for saving food, reducing food waste, and maintaining health and well-being.

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“…Source separation can to contribute to providing suitable quality of waste for waste management technologies (Kawai et al, 2015). The objective of source separation in the model areas of Hanoi is to collect waste such that the quantity is sufficient for the demand for compost and the quality is suitable for composting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key parameters for behaviour related to source separation of household organic waste: A case study in Hanoi, Vietnam

Kawai

Huong²

2017

Waste Manag Res

Self Cite

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Proper management of food waste, a major component of municipal solid waste (MSW), is needed, especially in developing Asian countries where most MSW is disposed of in landfill sites without any pretreatment. Source separation can contribute to solving problems derived from the disposal of food waste. An organic waste source separation and collection programme has been operated in model areas in Hanoi, Vietnam, since 2007. This study proposed three key parameters (participation rate, proper separation rate and proper discharge rate) for behaviour related to source separation of household organic waste, and monitored the progress of the programme based on the physical composition of household waste sampled from 558 households in model programme areas of Hanoi. The results showed that 13.8% of 558 households separated organic waste, and 33.0% discharged mixed (unseparated) waste improperly. About 41.5% (by weight) of the waste collected as organic waste was contaminated by inorganic waste, and one-third of the waste disposed of as organic waste by separators was inorganic waste. We proposed six hypothetical future household behaviour scenarios to help local officials identify a final or midterm goal for the programme. We also suggested that the city government take further actions to increase the number of people participating in separating organic waste, improve the accuracy of separation and prevent non-separators from discharging mixed waste improperly.

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Proximate composition of household waste and applicability of waste management technologies by source separation in Hanoi, Vietnam

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Governance for food waste prevention in Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam: Achieving the right mix

Governance for food waste prevention in Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam: Achieving the right mix

Evaluation of Household Food Waste Generation in Hanoi and Policy Implications towards SDGs Target 12.3

Key parameters for behaviour related to source separation of household organic waste: A case study in Hanoi, Vietnam

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