Proximate Composition, Minerals and Antioxidant Activity of Artichoke Leaf Extracts

Abstract

In this study, leaf extracts from the Green Globe cultivar of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), a herbaceous plant of the Asteraceae family, were analyzed to determine the levels of basic nutrients, selected macroelements (K, P, Ca, Mg, and Na) and microelements (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Ni), and their ratios. The antioxidant activity (aa) of the extract was evaluated using ABTS˙+ and DPPH˙+ radicals and the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (III) (FRAP). Total polyphenolic content was also determined. Macroelement concentrations in the artichoke leaf extract can be presented in descending order as follows: K > P > Ca > Mg > Na. Microelement content in the extract was as follows: Zn > Fe > Cr > Mn. We determined the ratios of elements in artichoke leaf extracts and compared them against the recommended dietary allowance, adequate intake, or tolerable upper intake level. Mean total phenolic content in artichoke leaf extracts was high-2795 mg CAE/100 g dry matter (DM). The ABTS˙+ assay showed a very high ability of artichoke extract to scavenge free radicals (79.74%), and the antioxidant capacity measured at 1060.8 Trolox/1 g DM. The results show that artichoke extract is a valuable source of minerals and antioxidants that could have applications in the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases caused by oxidative damage.

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential and Enzymes Inhibitory Properties of Globe Artichoke By‐Products

“…The highest antioxidant capacities were found in Violet d'Hyères Bracts and leaves (231.55 and 217.12 μmol Fe 2+ /g DW, respectively), while floral stems had the lowest antioxidant potentials. Our results are lower than the previous ones, which reported that the aqueous artichoke leaf extract from the green globe cultivar, possess a significant ability to reduce iron (III) (488,5 μmolTE/g dry matter) . This discrepancy might be due to the growing conditions as well as the studied cultivars.…”

Effects of biopraparites on cynara scolymus L., micro and macroelements, and quantity of flavonoids

“…In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the study of nutrition and its impact on the development of chronic degenerative diseases. Prevention can play an important role in the nutrition of the population and thus reduce the risk factors affecting health [3][4][5][6]. Some fruits and vegetables are rich in polyphenols, biologically active secondary metabolites (flavonoids, phenolic acids, hydroxycinamic acids, lignans) with very high structural diversity that make up different groups.…”

“…Artichoke leaves and buds have a positive effect on total cholesterol levels in the blood and lower triglyceride levels and increase glutathione peroxide levels [15]. In addition, artichoke leaf extracts have antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antiviral immune deficiency effects; have bile driving and hepatoprotective properties, as well as antifungal and antibacterial properties [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9]. Artichoke extract can be added mainly to meat to flavor food and protect it from lipid and protein oxidation.…”

“…When the planting material of plants is treated with the drug, artificially infecting the beneficial microflora on the surface of the seed is achieved. When seeds treated with biopreparation are sown, the bacteria on its surface begin to grow rapidly and multiply, actively occupying the plant rhizosphere and synthesizing substances that inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in their vital activity and have a positive effect on the development of beneficial microorganisms [2,6,7]. The aim of the study was to study the effect of a biopreparation on the micro and macronutrients of L., a leaf extract of thorny artichoke (Cynara scolymus L) belonging to the family Asteraceae, the amount of flavonoids.…”

Artichoke extracts in cancer therapy: do the extraction conditions affect the anticancer activity?

“…1): (i) the head or capital which is mainly composed of immature flowers and represents about 30-40% of the plant fresh weight (FW), (ii) the heart which is mainly composed of the bracts, receptacles and the inner leaves and it represents 35-40% of the FW and (iii) the stroke [4][5][6]. Artichoke-derived molecules are well known for their antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities [7,8]. The extracts of the plant leaves and the edible part are thought to have anticancer activity against various types of cancer owing to the presence of some components including polyphenols, flavonoids, fatty acids and inulin which are proved to be cytotoxic to different cancer cells such as skin, breast, cervical, leukaemia and hepatocellular carcinoma.…”