“…resistance to shear or that increase the stresses across the proximal femoral physis [20,45,68]; for example, endocrine disorders [52,83], obesity [9,14,34,61,63,67,71,82], femoral [28] or acetabular retroversion [17], and coxa profunda [72]. The natural history is largely dependent on both the degree of deformity [11] and the occurrence of complications of treatment, mainly avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVN) and chondrolysis [37,39,50,53].…”