Protoporphyrin IX-loaded laminarin nanoparticles for anticancer treatment, their cellular behavior, ROS detection, and animal studies

Abstract

Laminarin conjugate-based nano-scaled particles were in this study proposed as a delivery system for protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Hematin-Laminarin-Dithiodipropionic Acid-MGK, named as HLDM, was an amphiphilic carrier material with dual pH/redox sensitive that could be used to load hydrophobic drug to improve their solubility and enhance biocompatibility. Therefore, we combined photosensitizer (Pp IX) with HLDM to fabricate a novel nano-micelles, herein called Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles. The Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles were 149.3 ± 35 nm sized in neutral water. Phototoxicity, in vitro PDT effect, and dual sensibility to pH and redox microenvironment of Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles were examined at different concentrations by using MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. The experiments on phototoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production proved that the micelles could produce PDT to kill the cancer cells with a certain wavelength light. The apoptosis experiment indicated that the micelles could cause nuclear damage. In vivo PDT effect of the micelles was studied by constructing the tumor-bearing nude mouse model of MCF-7 cells. In vivo studies showed that the Pp IX-loaded HLDM micelles could induce remarkable anti-tumor effect. A promising laminarin-based nanomedicine platform acts as a new drug delivery system to enhance the uptake, accumulation, and PDT efficacy of Pp IX in vitro and in vivo.

Preparation and Characterization of Polyamidoamine G2.0-Hematin as a Biocatalyst for Fabricating Catecholic Gelatin Hydrogel

“…[28]. The spectrum shows the signal at δ~1:877 ppm belonging to the methyl protons in the hematin structure (c) [29]. Figure 2(b) reveals the correlative characterizations of G2.0-He in a comparison with G2.0 and hematin, confirming the successful conjugation of G2.0-He.…”

PpIX/IR-820 Dual-Modal Therapeutic Agents for Enhanced PDT/PTT Synergistic Therapy in Cervical Cancer

“…PpIX is one of the popular PSs for its strong photosensitivity and efficiency. However, the poor water solubility of PpIX has hampered its further clinical application. , IR-820 is a derivative of ICG and shows strong NIR fluorescence and a photothermal effect. However, good biocompatibility is important for further biomedical research to retain the photothermal characteristics of IR-820. , Liposomes, as a drug delivery carrier, can encapsulate hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs in the phospholipid bilayers and core .…”

“…However, the poor water solubility of PpIX has hampered its further clinical application. 30 , 31 IR-820 is a derivative of ICG and shows strong NIR fluorescence and a photothermal effect. However, good biocompatibility is important for further biomedical research to retain the photothermal characteristics of IR-820.…”

Preparation of injectable free‐HRP‐mediated and self‐catalyzed gelatin‐tyramine hydrogel for biomedical applications

“…[ 31 ] Aromatic protons of hematin usually appear from δ = 5.2 to 6.6 ppm. [ 32,33 ] However, in the spectra, the resonance signal is very low intensity at the area. This could be explained that the conjugated amount of hematin‐below 1 wt/wt%, which is very low in HGT polymer due to small amount of free amine group on the gelatin structure.…”